Dynamic nitrogen vacancy magnetometry by single-shot optical streaking microscopy

Abstract

Nitrogen vacancy diamonds have emerged as sensitive solid-state magnetic field sensors capable of producing diffraction limited and sub-diffraction field images. Here, for the first time, to our knowledge, we extend those measurements to high-speed imaging, which can be readily applied to analyze currents and magnetic field dynamics in circuits on a microscopic scale. To overcome detector acquisition rate limitations, we designed an optical streaking nitrogen vacancy microscope to acquire two-dimensional spatiotemporal kymograms. We demonstrate magnetic field wave imaging with micro-scale spatial extent and ∼ 400 μs temporal resolution. In validating this system, we detected magnetic fields down to 10 μT for 40 Hz magnetic fields using single-shot imaging and captured the spatial transit of an electromagnetic needle at streak rates as high as 110 μm/ms. This design has the capability to be readily extended to full 3D video acquisition by utilizing compressed sensing techniques and a potential for further improvement of spatial resolution, acquisition speed, and sensitivity. The device opens opportunities to many potential applications where transient magnetic events can be isolated to a single spatial axis, such as acquiring spatially propagating action potentials for brain imaging and remotely interrogating integrated circuits.

Fast Wide‐Field Quantum Sensor Based on Solid‐State Spins Integrated with a SPAD Array

“…[48] Current state-of-the-art wide-field sensors based on dense spin ensembles are usually built with CMOS cameras. To achieve a fast frame rate matching the optimized sensing sequence while maintaining reasonable data size (only keeping the averaged signal), various modulation/demodulation techniques are developed such as parallel lock-in measurements, [49][50][51] optical choppers, [52] optical streaking techniques. [53] For conventional sensing tasks with high-density ensembles, these sensors are expected to have better sensitivity performances.…”