Dynamic modelling and simulation of the sulphur dioxide converter in an industrial smelter

He, Jianjun; Zhang, Junfeng; Shang, Helen

doi:10.1002/cjce.23446

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…These concentrated gases will be mostly water-scrubbed in a counter-current absorption tower, and the resulting liquid will be upgraded to sulphuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ). The upgrading of sulphuric acid to commercial grade (>95%) is necessary for making this method economically feasible [9][10][11][12].…”

Section: An Overiew Of the Sulphur Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flue Gas Desulphurization in Circulating Fluidized Beds

et al. 2019

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Sulphur dioxide (SO2) is mostly emitted from coal-fueled power plants, from waste incineration, from sulphuric acid manufacturing, from clay brick plants and from treating nonferrous metals. The emission of SO2 needs to be abated. Both wet scrubbing (absorption) and dry or semi-dry (reaction) systems are used. In the dry process, both bubbling and circulating fluidized beds (BFB, CFB) can be used as contactor. Experimental results demonstrate a SO2-removal efficiency in excess of 94% in a CFB application. A general model of the heterogeneous reaction is proposed, combining the external diffusion of SO2 across the gas film, the internal diffusion of SO2 in the porous particles and the reaction as such (irreversible, 1st order). For the reaction of SO2 with a fine particulate reactant, the reaction rate constant and the relevant contact time are the dominant parameters. Application of the model equations reveals that the circulating fluidized bed is the most appropriate technique, where the high solid to gas ratio guarantees a high conversion in a short reaction time. For the CFB operation, the required gas contact time in a CFB at given superficial gas velocities and solids circulation rates will determine the SO2 removal rate.

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Section: An Overiew Of the Sulphur Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flue Gas Desulphurization in Circulating Fluidized Beds

et al. 2019

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“…In [12], authors have simulated the SO2 oxidation reactor by a series of tanks, and simulation results were validated using measurement collected from the pilot and industrial reactors. Another interesting work has been published recently in The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, in which the SO2 converter model was developed based on mass and energy balance equations, and simulation results were validated using industrial measurement [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Model-Driven Digital Twin Framework Development for Sulfur Dioxide Conversion Units Simulation

Mounaam¹,

Oulhiq²,

Souissi³

et al. 2021

Adv. sci. technol. eng. syst. j.

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In the phosphate industry, sulfuric acid is a key compound in phosphoric acid and fertilizer production. Industrially, the sulfuric acid H2SO4 is made generally in a sequence of three main steps: burning liquid sulfur with air, catalytic oxidation of sulfur dioxide SO2 to sulfur trioxide SO3, and formation of H2SO4 by the reaction of H2O with the SO3. The catalytic conversion of the SO2 into the SO3 is considered as the crucial reaction that affects the gas emissions and the performance of the process. In this paper, an industrial SO2 conversion unit of four catalytic beds reactors with vanadium pentoxide as a catalyst, and three heat exchangers were modeled. The model was based on heat transfer, energy and mass balance equations, and the kinetic reaction of the SO2 catalytic conversion was proposed and calibrated using the experimental plant data. The simulation of the four catalytic beds was carried out in steady-state and dynamic mode using Unisim Design R451 simulator. The proposed model was tested and validated using the studied plant measurements, and the accuracy of the model has exceeded 97%. A graphical interface of the SO2 conversion unit was integrated to make it suitable for industrial use and operator training. Finally, a digital twin (DT) of the studied conversion unit was developed based on an architecture integrating the plant, the virtual system, and the communication part in a Distributed Control System (DCS) context. The developed DT in this work makes it possible to simulate in real-time the SO2 conversion unit, predict the process performance, and optimize the unit efficiency.

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