Dynamic modelling and control for assessment of large‐scale wind and solar integration in power systems

Abstract

The integration of variable and unpredictable renewable energy sources into the current power networks introduces considerable changes in system operations. This poses enormous threats to the stability of the power system. Hence, it is essential to analyse the necessary adjustments in operation strategies in preparation for increased amounts of variable generation in existing power systems. The present study describes the dynamic modelling and integration of solar photovoltaic and wind power generation systems into a transient stability analysis toolbox. In view of the inherent connection of renewable energy generators to the electrical network through converter systems, the main contribution in the present study is the development of high‐level control functions to model converter interfaces with reference to standard grid operation codes. The dynamic models and corresponding control functions are tested using a network representing the transmission grid of the Baden‐Württemberg state in Germany as part of the assessment process to analyse the capability of the control functions for grid stability support. The simulation results show that the proposed converter control functions can equip renewable energy generators with equivalent features from a functional point of view to those of synchronous generators.

Higher order sliding mode reactive power control of a hybrid power system with wind power and parameter uncertainty

“…Thus, wind and diesel power generating units can operate in a complementary fashion to provide electric power utilities, more so in the off-grid areas. [1][2][3] However, reactive power imbalances may occur in these systems because of sudden load changes and wind power fluctuations, causing voltage response instability. These fluctuations in system voltage, if not handled, might cause the system to function in an unstable manner.…”

Predicting the power grid frequency of European islands

“…Fully modelling the short-term frequency dynamics is very challenging due to its combined stochastic-deterministic nature and the numerous external influences [10,17,18], suggesting the use of data-driven approaches [19] and the usage of machine learning to predict time series as well as to understand and control energy systems [20][21][22][23]. These data-driven approaches complement modelling-based approaches [10,24] as they do not make any assumptions about the governing dynamical equations but still provide forecasts and explanations of the system.…”

Super-twisting sliding mode control of a static synchronous compensator: An application in a wind–diesel hybrid system

“…Diesel-driven synchronous generators (SGs) can be used as backup sources for wind-integrated power systems to ensure reliable supplies. Thus, wind–diesel power systems operate in a complementary fashion and are more suitable in the off-grid areas (Arabzadeh Saheli et al, 2019; Balat, 2005; Kyesswa, 2020). Because of sudden load changes and wind power fluctuations, reactive power imbalances occur in these systems leading to instability issues in the voltage response of the system.…”