Dynamic Modeling of Cascading Failure in Power Systems

Abstract

The modeling of cascading failure in power systems is difficult because of the many different mechanisms involved; no single model captures all of these mechanisms. Understanding the relative importance of these different mechanisms is an important step in choosing which mechanisms need to be modeled for particular types of cascading failure analysis. This work presents a dynamic simulation model of both power networks and protection systems, which can simulate a wider variety of cascading outage mechanisms, relative to existing quasi-steady state (QSS) models. The model allows one to test the impact of different load models and protections on cascading outage sizes. This paper describes each module of the developed dynamic model and demonstrates how different mechanisms interact. In order to test the model we simulated a batch of randomly selected $N-2$ contingencies for several different static load configurations, and found that the distribution of blackout sizes and event lengths from the proposed dynamic simulator correlates well with historical trends. The results also show that load models have significant impacts on the cascading risks. This dynamic model was also compared against a QSS model based on the dc power flow approximations; we find that the two models largely agree, but produce substantially different results for later stages of cascading.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables, submitted to IEEE transaction

Cascading power outages propagate locally in an influence graph that is not the actual grid topology

“…clude quasi-steady state models, such as DCSIMSEP [11], [12], OPA [13], [14], Manchester model [15], and TRELSS [16], and dynamic models, such as COSMIC [17] and the hybrid model in [18]. While engineering models are useful, the data that result from this type of simulation are complicated and difficult to summarize, even for a single cascading failure simulation.…”

A Comparison of Malicious Interdiction Strategies Against Electrical Networks

“…The work of Hines is foundational here, both in articulating the empiric topology of power grids [27]- [33] and in assessing their robustness against cascading failure [34]- [41]. The importance of using realistic models of power flow and cascade dynamics is emphasised throughout this corpus.…”

An enhanced cascading failure model integrating data mining technique

“…In order to simulate the specific processes of cascading failure, a basic model of cascading failure [13][14][15][16][17][18] is introduced in this paper. The basic model mainly includes 3 parts, which are initial line outage, emerging prevention and control measures and subsequent failure search, respectively.…”

“…; some theories based on network topology analysis [9][10][11][12], which analyze cascading failure through distinguishing the topological feature of power system, like small-world network, scalefree network and so on; pattern search strategy [13][14][15][16][17][18][19], which aims to reveal cascading failure directly through searching failure chains in accordance with previously given strategy, etc. Among these pattern search strategies, the traditional ways can already simulate the process of cascading failure to a certain extent.…”