Dynamic Model of Basic Oxygen Steelmaking Process Based on Multi-zone Reaction Kinetics: Model Derivation and Validation

Rout, Bapin Kumar; Brooks, Geoffrey; Rhamdhani, M. Akbar; Li, Zushu; Schrama, Frank N. H.; Sun, Jianxuan

doi:10.1007/s11663-017-1166-7

Cited by 39 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…Cicutti et al [13]'s data have been used to validate several dynamic models developed for the BOF [6,8,9,33]. Information regarding the hot metal and scrap compositions is shown in Table 2.…”

Section: Simulation Results For Cicutti's Operationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The error between the model prediction and measured data is, most likely, due to the treatment of slag as a homogeneous phase for the density and viscosity calculations [36]. A comparison between the carbon content prediction by the present and previous [6,8,9] studies is shown in Figure 11. Only for the current model, the carbon content prediction starts from time zero, and enregy balances are included; moreover, the quality of the prediction itself is quite good compared with previous works.…”

Section: Input Hot Metal Heavy Scrap Light Scrap Pig Iron External Scrapmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…where ρ b is the density and [%Si] is the silicon content of the liquid metal. Rout et al [9] found that the equilibrium silicon content of the metal bath ([%Si eq ]) is approximately zero, therefore it is neglected in the calculations. For the current study, it is assumed that the rate of iron oxidation is proportional to the partial pressure of oxygen and is given by:…”

Section: The Impact Zonementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several dynamic models [4][5][6][7][8][9] for the BOF have been developed in recent years. Jalkanen [4] developed the CONSIM 5 simulator for the BOF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The metal bath and slag temperature are assumed to increase linearly with blowing time and the slag composition is required as an input. Rout et al [9] continued the work of Dogan et al [6] by modeling the kinetics of manganese, phosphorus and silicon oxidation enabling the model to predict the slag composition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic Modeling and Simulation of Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) Operation

2020

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Basic oxygen furnaces (BOFs) are widely used to produce steel from hot metal. The process typically has limited automation which leads to sub-optimal operation. Economically optimal operation can be potentially achieved by using a dynamic optimization framework to provide operators the best combination of input trajectories. In this paper, a first-principles based dynamic model for the BOF that can be used within the dynamic optimization routine is described. The model extends a previous work by incorporating a model for slag formation and energy balances. In this new version of the mathematical model, the submodel for the decarburization in the emulsion zone is also modified to account for recent findings, and an algebraic equation for the calculation of the calcium oxide saturation in slag is developed. The dynamic model is then used to simulate the operation of two distinct furnaces. It was found that the prediction accuracy of the developed model is significantly superior to its predecessor and the number of process variables that it is able to predict is also higher.

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Section: Simulation Results For Cicutti's Operationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Input Hot Metal Heavy Scrap Light Scrap Pig Iron External Scrapmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: The Impact Zonementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several dynamic models [4][5][6][7][8][9] for the BOF have been developed in recent years. Jalkanen [4] developed the CONSIM 5 simulator for the BOF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic Modeling and Simulation of Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) Operation

2020

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The Effect of Sulfur Concentration in the Metal on the Mass Transfer of Phosphorus in Bloated Metal Droplets

Dogan

Coley

2018

steel research int.

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In Basic Oxygen Steelmaking, metal droplets created by the impact of the oxygen jet will swell due to internal decarburization when they react with oxidizing slag in the emulsion zone. In this study, the dephosphorization behavior of bloated metal droplets containing different sulfur concentrations is investigated in the temperature range from 1813 to 1913 K using X‐ray fluoroscopy coupled with constant volume pressure change measurements and chemical analysis of quenched samples. The results show that higher sulfur droplets (>0.017 wt%) have a much longer incubation period for swelling than those with lower sulfur (<0.017 wt%). Due to this different swelling behavior, the dephosphorization rate for high sulfur droplets is found to be not heavily affected by the experimental temperature compared to the case of lower sulfur droplets. Employing a mixed control model including mass transfer and chemical reaction, the effect of temperature on dephosphorization kinetics is further discussed. The mass transfer coefficient in the metal, km, is found to increase slightly with increasing temperature for droplets with 0.021 wt% sulfur. It is also found that lower rates of CO formation result in less stirring in the droplet and lower mass transfer rates of phosphorus for high sulfur droplets.

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A Review of Mathematical Process Models for the Electric Arc Furnace Process

Hay

Visuri

Aula

et al. 2020

steel research int.

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The electric arc furnace is the main process unit in scrap‐based steelmaking. Owing to its importance, numerous mathematical models for predicting the course of the electric arc furnace process have been developed. This article reviews mathematical process models proposed in the literature, identifying the most common modeling approaches, and uses mathematical descriptions for the main phenomena. Furthermore, the validation of such models is discussed in detail. Finally, the article identifies gaps in the existing knowledge and provides suggestions for the further development of mathematical process models.

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Dynamic Model of Basic Oxygen Steelmaking Process Based on Multi-zone Reaction Kinetics: Model Derivation and Validation

Cited by 39 publications

References 46 publications

Dynamic Modeling and Simulation of Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) Operation

Dynamic Modeling and Simulation of Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) Operation

The Effect of Sulfur Concentration in the Metal on the Mass Transfer of Phosphorus in Bloated Metal Droplets

A Review of Mathematical Process Models for the Electric Arc Furnace Process

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