Dynamic microstructural evolution of graphite under displacing irradiation

Hinks, John; Haigh, Sarah J.; Greaves, Graeme; Sweeney, F.; Pan, Cheng-Ta; Young, Robert J.; Donnelly, S. E.

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2013.11.002

Cited by 35 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…For example, graphitic materials are known to exhibit basal plane contraction under displacing irradiation with the degree of dimensional change being a function of the number of atomic displacements [28], [29]. By using 60 keV xenon ions to create an asymmetric damage profile similar to that shown in Figure 2c, it has recently be demonstrated that it is possible to induce significant strain within a sample due to the differential rates of basal plane contraction [30].…”

Section: Ion Beam Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission electron microscopy with in situ ion irradiation

Hinks

2015

J. Mater. Res.

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The macroscopic properties of materials exposed to irradiation are determined by radiation damage effects which occur on the nanoscale. These phenomena are complex dynamic processes in which many competing mechanisms contribute to the evolution of the microstructure and thus to its end-state. In order to explore and understand the behaviour of existing materials and to develop new technologies, it is highly advantageous to be able to observe the microstructural effects of irradiation as they occur.Transmission electron microscopy with in situ ion irradiation is ideally suited to this kind of study. This review focuses on some of the important factors in designing this type of experiment including sample preparation and ion beam selection. Also presented are a brief history of the development of this technique and an overview of the instruments in operation today including the latest additions.

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Section: Ion Beam Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission electron microscopy with in situ ion irradiation

Hinks

2015

J. Mater. Res.

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“…25) This results in mechanical stress within the sample which then buckles creating the kink bands. The atomistic mechanisms behind the dimensional change are discussed below in section 3.2.…”

Section: Xementioning

confidence: 99%

Kink Band Formation in Graphite under Ion Irradiation at 100 and 298 K

et al. 2014

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The effects of displacing radiation in graphitic materials are important for technologies including nuclear power, graphitic-based nanocomposites and hybrid graphenesilicon high-speed integrated electronics. These applications expose graphitic materials to displacing irradiation either during manufacture and/or involve the deployment of these materials into irradiating environments. One of the most interesting phenomena in the response of graphite to irradiation is the formation of kink bands on the surface of the material. Here we apply the technique of transmission electron microscopy with in situ ion irradiation to observe the dynamic formation of these features. Kink bands were created at both 100 and 298 K with doming of the samples also observed due to radiation induced dimensional change leading to mechanical deformation. Probably at 298 K, but certainly at 100 K, there should be no point defect mobility in graphite according to the latest theoretical calculations. However, some of the theories of dimensional change in graphite require point defect motion and agglomeration in order to operate. The implications of the experimental results for existing theories and the possibility of thermal effects due to the ion irradiation are discussed.

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“…It has been reported that the broadening of the Raman G-line in irradiated graphite corresponds with the dislocation population over the scanned volume and results from the strain field around dislocations [41]. In order to quantify the number of preexisting dislocations and those introduced during irradiation based on the broadening of the Raman G-peak, the model of Wu et al (2008) was adopted [39].…”

Section: Raman Mapping Area Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

An understanding of lattice strain, defects and disorder in nuclear graphite

Krishna¹,

Wade²,

Jones³

et al. 2017

Carbon

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In this study, microstructural parameters, such as lattice dimension, micro-strain and dislocation density, of different neutron-irradiated graphite grades have been evaluated using the diffraction profiles of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the scattering profiles of Raman spectroscopy. Using Gen-IV candidate graphite samples (grade PCEA, GrafTech), subjected to neutron irradiation at 900°C to 6.6 and 10.2 dpa, and graphite samples of similar grain size and microstructure taken from the core of the British Experimental Pile Zero reactor, which have been irradiated at 100-120 °C to 1.60 dpa, an investigation on the effect of irradiation dose and temperature on the aforementioned microstructural parameters is

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Dynamic microstructural evolution of graphite under displacing irradiation

Cited by 35 publications

References 91 publications

Transmission electron microscopy with in situ ion irradiation

Transmission electron microscopy with in situ ion irradiation

Kink Band Formation in Graphite under Ion Irradiation at 100 and 298 K

An understanding of lattice strain, defects and disorder in nuclear graphite

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