Dynamic Mechanical Loading Enhances Functional Properties of Tissue-Engineered Cartilage Using Mature Canine Chondrocytes

Bian, Liming; Fong, Jason V.; Lima, Eric G.; Stoker, Aaron M.; Ateshian, Gerard A.; Cook, James L.; Hung, Clark T.

doi:10.1089/ten.tea.2009.0482

Cited by 122 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Uniaxial loading consisted of 10% compression peak-to-peak amplitude, 1 Hz and biaxial loading consisted of 0.15 mm (10% thickness) compression and 0.075 mm shear peakto-peak amplitude, 1 Hz. The dynamic strain amplitude and loading frequency are chosen based on published studies 17,19 . At the end of 30 days biochemical and mechanical properties of engineered cartilage were assessed.…”

Section: Representative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It also allows the prevention of platenspecimen non-contact and specimen overloading, which will irreversibly damage tissue engineered constructs. A sliding contact bioreactor developed by Bian, et al allows up to four constructs to be loaded simultaneously, but still lacks this valuable force feedback mechanism 17 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bian et al 17 demonstrated mechanical properties matching native cartilage with the in vitro cultivation of adult canine chondrocytes in gels and application of biaxial mechanical loading (compressive deformational loading and sliding contact loading).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of a Biaxial Mechanical Loading Bioreactor for Tissue Engineering

Bilgen

Chu

Stefani

et al. 2013

JoVE

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We designed a loading device that is capable of applying uniaxial or biaxial mechanical strain to a tissue engineered biocomposites fabricated for transplantation. While the device primarily functions as a bioreactor that mimics the native mechanical strains, it is also outfitted with a load cell for providing force feedback or mechanical testing of the constructs. The device subjects engineered cartilage constructs to biaxial mechanical loading with great precision of loading dose (amplitude and frequency) and is compact enough to fit inside a standard tissue culture incubator. It loads samples directly in a tissue culture plate, and multiple plate sizes are compatible with the system. The device has been designed using components manufactured for precision-guided laser applications. Bi-axial loading is accomplished by two orthogonal stages. The stages have a 50 mm travel range and are driven independently by stepper motor actuators, controlled by a closed-loop stepper motor driver that features micro-stepping capabilities, enabling step sizes of less than 50 nm. A polysulfone loading platen is coupled to the bi-axial moving platform. Movements of the stages are controlled by Thor-labs Advanced Positioning Technology (APT) software. The stepper motor driver is used with the software to adjust load parameters of frequency and amplitude of both shear and compression independently and simultaneously. Positional feedback is provided by linear optical encoders that have a bidirectional repeatability of 0.1 μm and a resolution of 20 nm, translating to a positional accuracy of less than 3 μm over the full 50 mm of travel. These encoders provide the necessary position feedback to the drive electronics to ensure true nanopositioning capabilities. In order to provide the force feedback to detect contact and evaluate loading responses, a precision miniature load cell is positioned between the loading platen and the moving platform. The load cell has high accuracies of 0.15% to 0.25% full scale. Video LinkThe video component of this article can be found at

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Section: Representative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of a Biaxial Mechanical Loading Bioreactor for Tissue Engineering

Bilgen

Chu

Stefani

et al. 2013

JoVE

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“…Since AC tissue in vivo experiences loading between 0.5 MPa to 7.7 MPa, and compression amplitudes of more than 13% [85,86], such bioreactors apply cyclic compression which can increase GAG synthesis by 100% [87]. Others use a frequency of 1 Hz and either 10% [83,88,89], or 15% [90,91], compression to stimulate matrix protein expression and improve compressive properties [92].…”

Section: Non-conventional Bioreactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A flow perfusion bioreactor with controlled mechanical stimulation: Application in cartilage tissue engineering and beyond

Nazempour¹,

Wie²

2018

J Stem Cell Ther Transplant

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“…Systems commonly used for studies on chondrocyte biology and cartilage tissue engineering include devices facilitating compressive loading [38,200], hydrostatic pressure [201], shear loading [202], and hybrid bioreactors incorporating multiple loading regimes [203][204][205][206][207]. Earlier studies demonstrated that moderate mechanical stimulation can improve the biosynthesis of hydrogel-encapsulated chondrocytes, forming tissues with enhanced mechanical and biomechanical properties [110,205,[207][208][209][210][211]. However, due to the different properties of scaffolds or hydrogels and cell sources, loading regimes need to be optimised to identify suitable culture conditions for each individual system.…”

Section: Mechanical Stimulation Bioreactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogels and bioreactors for cartilage research and functional tissue engineering

Meinert¹

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Dynamic Mechanical Loading Enhances Functional Properties of Tissue-Engineered Cartilage Using Mature Canine Chondrocytes

Cited by 122 publications

References 56 publications

Design of a Biaxial Mechanical Loading Bioreactor for Tissue Engineering

Design of a Biaxial Mechanical Loading Bioreactor for Tissue Engineering

A flow perfusion bioreactor with controlled mechanical stimulation: Application in cartilage tissue engineering and beyond

Hydrogels and bioreactors for cartilage research and functional tissue engineering

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