Dynamic Magma Systems, Crustal Recycling, and Alteration in the Central Sierra Nevada Batholith: the Oxygen Isotope Record

Lackey, Jade Star; Valley, John W.; Chen, James H.; Stöckli, Daniel F.

doi:10.1093/petrology/egn030

Cited by 215 publications

(142 citation statements)

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“…1.95 Ga granites are one of the major rock types of the Helanshan Complex. The granites contain peraluminous minerals (i.e., muscovite), have >1% normative corundum (Table 1) (Lackey et al, 2008). The wide range of oxygen isotope compositions and high ␦ 18 O values are typical of S-type granites (e.g., Kemp et al, 2008;Appleby et al, 2010;Dan et al, 2014).…”

Section: Source Components For S-type Granitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleoproterozoic S-type granites in the Helanshan Complex, Khondalite Belt, North China Craton: Implications for rapid sediment recycling during slab break-off

Wei

Wang

et al. 2014

Precambrian Research

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a b s t r a c t S-type granites, typically derived from the rapid recycling of sedimentary rocks, are sometimes accompanied by contemporary mafic magmatism and granulite metamorphism. However, the geodynamic context for such rock suites is often highly disputed, with various model proposed, including back-arc basin opening, lithospheric delamination, mantle plume and continental rifting. The Paleoproterozoic Khondalite Belt in the North China Craton provides an example of synchronous mafic and felsic magmatism that was accompanied by granulite-facies metamorphic events for which the tectonic affinities of these rocks remains unclear. This study integrates in situ zircon Hf-O isotope analyses, whole-rock geochemistry and Nd isotope results for the earliest two-mica granites (ca. 1.95 Ga) in order to provide constraints on the above issues. The granites are strongly peraluminous (A/CNK value >1.1), and characterized by high zircon ␦18 O values of 7.3-10.6‰, corresponding to calculated magmatic ␦ 18 O values of 9.1-12.3‰, similar to those of typical S-type granites. They have relatively high and homogeneous ε Nd (t) values of −1.1 to +0.9 and highly variable zircon ε Hf (t) values ranging from −1.0 to +8.3. In situ zircon Hf-O isotopic compositions indicate that the S-type granites may contain some mantle or juvenile crustal components in addition to a sediment component. Based on the new results and published data, a slab break-off model is proposed to explain the rapid recycling of sedimentary precursors and the generation of the ca. 1.95 Ga S-type granites.

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Section: Source Components For S-type Granitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleoproterozoic S-type granites in the Helanshan Complex, Khondalite Belt, North China Craton: Implications for rapid sediment recycling during slab break-off

Wei

Wang

et al. 2014

Precambrian Research

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“…2), located just south of the frontier of Baja Norte de California . As the western half forms a continuous linear belt of magnetic anomalies visible beneath the extensive Cenozoic volcano-sedimenta-GEOSCIENCE CANADA Volume 41 2014 401 0 5 Bishop Fresno > 0 .7 0 6 < 0 .7 0 6 P Intra-batholithic break of Kistler,1990 Intra-batholithic break of Lackey et al, 2008 ? modified from Kimbrough et al, 2001 modified from Gehrels et al, 2009 W r a n g e l l i a…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Sierra Nevada has long been known to be composed of two halves: an older western sector and a younger eastern sector separated by an apparent break in the lithosphere, as defined by geochemistry, magnetic susceptibility, age, radiometric and stable isotopes, wall rock provenance, and basement types (Nokleberg 1983;Kistler 1990Kistler , 1993Chen and Tilton 1991;Bateman et al 1991;Coleman and Glazner 1998;Saleeby et al 2008;Lackey et al 2008Lackey et al , 2012aLackey et al , 2012bChapman et al 2012). Just as with the Peninsular Ranges batholith, the western sector of the Sierra Nevada represents an ~125-100 Ma arc (Bateman 1992) constructed upon crust assembled mainly during the Jurassic, whereas the eastern half contains large compositionally zoned tonalite-granodiorite-granite complexes, such as the Tuolumne, Whitney, John Muir, Domelands, and Sonora (Fig.…”

Section: Comparison With Other Cordilleran Batholithsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arc and Slab-Failure Magmatism in Cordilleran Batholiths II – The Cretaceous Peninsular Ranges Batholith of Southern and Baja California

Hildebrand

Whalen

2014

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Ever since the late 1960s when Warren Hamilton proposed that the great Cordilleran batholiths of the western Americas are the roots of volcanic arcs like the Andes and were generated by longstanding eastward subduction, most geologists have followed suit, despite the evergrowing recognition that many Cordilleran batholiths are complex, composite bodies that developed with intervals of intense shortening and exhumation between and during periods of magmatism. The Peninsular Ranges batholith of Southern and Baja California provides a superb place to unravel the complexities because there is a lot of data and because it is longitudinally composed of two parts: an older western portion of weakly to moderately deformed, low-grade volcanic and epizonal plutonic rocks ranging in age from ~128–100 Ma; and a more easterly sector of deformed amphibolite grade rocks cut by compositionally zoned, mesozonal plutonic complexes of the La Posta suite, emplaced from 99–86 Ma. While plutons of the La Posta suite are generally considered to be the product of continued eastward subduction, they are enigmatic, because they and their wall rocks were rapidly exhumed from as deep as 23 km and eroded during, and just after, their emplacement, unlike plutons in magmatic arcs, which are generally emplaced in zones of subsidence. Here we resolve the enigma with a model where westward-dipping subduction led to arc magmatism of the western sector, the Santiago Peak–Alisitos composite arc, during the period ~128–100 Ma. Arc magmatism shut down when the arc collided with a west-facing Early Cretaceous passive margin at about 100 Ma. During the collision the buoyancy contrast between the continental crust of the eastern block and its attached oceanic lithosphere led to failure of the subducting slab. The break-off allowed subjacent asthenosphere to upwell, adiabatically melt, and rise into the upper plate to create the large zoned tonalite–granodiorite–granite complexes of the La Posta suite. While compositionally similar to arc plutons in many respects, the examples from the Southern California and Baja segments of the batholith have geochemistry that indicates they were derived from partial melting of asthenosphere at deeper levels in the mantle than typical arc magmas, and within the garnet stability field. This is consistent with asthenosphere upwelling through the torn lower-plate slab. We identify kindred rocks with similar geological relations in other Cordilleran batholiths of the Americas, such as the Sierra Nevada, which lead us to suggest that slab failure magmatism is common, both spatially and temporally.SOMMAIREDepuis la fin des années 1960, Warren Hamilton a proposé que les grands batholites de la Cordillère de l'ouest des Amériques sont les racines d’arcs volcaniques andéens issus de la subduction vers l'est de longue durée, et depuis la plupart des géologues ont emboîté le pas, bien qu’un nombre croissant d’indications montrent que de nombreux batholites de la Cordillère sont des entités composites complexes qui se sont développés lors d’intervalles intenses de contraction et d’exhumation, durant et entre les périodes de magmatisme. Le batholite Peninsular Ranges du Sud de la Californie et de Baja California est un excellent endroit permettant de démêler les choses parce qu'il y a beaucoup de données et parce qu'il est composé longitudinalement de deux parties: une partie occidentale plus ancienne, faiblement à modérément déformée, de roches volcaniques de faible métamorphisme et de roches plutoniques épizonales âgées d’environ 128 Ma à 100 Ma; et, d’un segment plus à l'est de roches amphiboliques déformées recoupées par des roches de composition zonée des complexes mésozonaux plutoniques de la suite de la Posta, mises en place entre 99 Ma et 86 Ma. Bien que les plutons de la suite La Posta sont généralement considérés comme le produit d’une subduction soutenue vers l’est, ils posent problème, parce qu'avec leurs roches encaissantes, ils ont été rapidement exhumés de profondeurs aussi grandes que 23 km, et érodées durant et juste après leur mise en place, contrairement aux plutons des arcs magmatiques, qui sont généralement mis en place dans les zones de subsidence. Dans le présent article, nous proposons une solution à ce problème, avec un modèle de subduction vers l'ouest qui conduit à un magmatisme d'arc du secteur ouest, l'arc composite de Santiago Peak-Alisitos, durant la période d’environ 128 Ma à 100 Ma. Le magmatisme d’arc s’est arrêté lorsque l'arc est entré en collision avec une marge passive à pendage ouest du début du Crétacé, il y a environ 100 Ma. Lors de la collision, le contraste de flottabilité entre la croûte continentale du bloc de est et la lithosphère océanique qui y est rattachée a conduit à l'avortement de la plaque plongeante. La cassure a entrainé la remontée de l’asthénosphère sous-jacente, sa fusion adiabatique, et sa remontée dans la plaque supérieure pour former les grands complexes zonés de tonalite-granodiorite-granite de La Posta. Bien que de composition similaire aux plutons d'arc à bien des égards, les exemples des segments de batholites de Californie du Sud et de Baja ont une géochimie qui indique qu'ils proviennent de la fusion partielle de l’asthénosphère à des niveaux plus profonds dans le manteau que les magmas d'arc typiques, à l’intérieur du domaine de stabilité du grenat. Ce qui correspond à une remontée d’asthénosphère à travers une dalle de plaque inférieure cassée. Nous connaissons des roches semblables avec les relations géologiques similaires dans d'autres batholites de la Cordillère des Amériques, tel celles de la Sierra Nevada, ce qui nous amène à penser que le magmatisme de cassure de plaque est commun, tant spatialement et temporellement.

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“…All of these terranes plus others, such as the complex group of collided Jurassic arcs and intervening mélange terranes of western Nevada, the Sierra Nevada, Klamaths, and British Columbia, plus the Insular composite terrane of coastal British Columbia and Alaska, formed part of the Cordilleran Ribbon Continent (Hildebrand 2009(Hildebrand , 2013. The evidence suggests that it was mostly assembled by 160 Ma, but ultimately amalgamated by 100 Ma, when a basin of unknown nature and width that separated the eastern and western halves of the Peninsular Ranges batholith, the Sierra Nevada, and the Coast Plutonic complex, closed (Kistler 1990;Kimbrough et al 2001;Lackey et al 2008;Gehrels et al 2009;Hildebrand 2013). The North American platform terrace was unaffected by any of these events; either the more outboard collisions were sufficiently small or local that they did not affect the North American margin, or, more likely given the number, variety, and extent of terranes, there was an intervening ocean basin (Johnston and Borel 2007;Johnston 2008;Hildebrand 2009Hildebrand , 2013.…”

Section: Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Geology, Mantle Tomography, and Inclination Corrected Paleogeographic Trajectories Support Westward Subduction During Cretaceous Orogenesis in the North American Cordillera

Hildebrand

2014

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Geological evidence, including the presence of two passive margin platforms, juxtaposed and mismatched deformation between North America and more outboard terranes, as well as the lack of rift deposits, suggest that North America was the lower plate during both the Sevier and Laramide events and that subduction dipped westward beneath the Cordilleran Ribbon Continent (Rubia). Terranes within the composite ribbon continent, now present in the Canadian Cordillera, collided with western North America during the 125–105 Ma Sevier event and were transported northward during the ~80–58 Ma Laramide event, which affected the Cordillera from South America to Alaska. New high-resolution mantle tomography beneath North America reveals a huge slab wall that extends vertically for over 1000 km, marks the site of long-lived subduction, and provides independent verification of the westward-dipping subduction model. Other workers analyzed paleogeographic trajectories and concluded that the initial collision took place in Canada at about 160 Ma – a time and place for which there is no deformational thickening on the North American platform – and later farther west where subduction was not likely westward, but eastward. However, by utilizing a meridionally corrected North American paleogeographic trajectory, coupled with the geologically most reasonable location for the initial deformation, the position of western North America with respect to the relict superslab parsimoniously accounts for the timing and extents of both the Sevier and Laramide events. SOMMAIRELes indications géologiques, en particulier la présence de deux marges de plateforme passives, de déformations adjacentes non-conformes entre l’Amérique du Nord et les terranes extérieurs, ainsi que l’absence de gisements de rift, permet de croire que l’Amérique du Nord était la plaque sous-jacente durant les événements de Sevier et de Laramide et que la subduction plongeait vers l’ouest sous le continent rubané de la Cordillères (Rubia). Les terranes du continent rubané composite, maintenant au sein de la Cordillère canadienne, sont entrés en collision avec l’ouest de l’Amérique du Nord durant l’événement Sevier (125-105 Ma), et ont été transportés vers le nord durant l’événement Laramide (~80–58 Ma), laquelle a affecté la Cordillère, de l’Amérique du Sud à l’Alaska. Une nouvelle tomographie haute résolution du manteau sous l’Amérique du Nord montre la présence d’un gigantesque mur de plaques vertical qui s’étend sur 1 000 km, marque le site d’une subduction de longue haleine, et offre une validation indépendante du modèle d’une subduction à pendage vers l’ouest. D’autres chercheurs ont analysé les trajectoires paléogéographiques et conclu que la collision initiale s’est produite au Canada vers 160 Ma – un moment et un endroit sans épaississement par déformation sur la plateforme d’Amérique du Nord – et plus tard plus à l’ouest, là où la subduction n’était vraisemblablement pas vers l’ouest, mais vers l’est. Cela dit, en considérant une trajectoire paléogéographique de l’Amérique du Nord corrigée longitudinalement, avec la position géologique la plus probable de la déformation initiale, la position de la portion ouest de l’Amérique du Nord par rapport aux restes de la super-plaque explique alors facilement la chronologie et l’étendue des épisodes Sevier et Laramide.

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Dynamic Magma Systems, Crustal Recycling, and Alteration in the Central Sierra Nevada Batholith: the Oxygen Isotope Record

Cited by 215 publications

References 84 publications

Paleoproterozoic S-type granites in the Helanshan Complex, Khondalite Belt, North China Craton: Implications for rapid sediment recycling during slab break-off

Paleoproterozoic S-type granites in the Helanshan Complex, Khondalite Belt, North China Craton: Implications for rapid sediment recycling during slab break-off

Arc and Slab-Failure Magmatism in Cordilleran Batholiths II – The Cretaceous Peninsular Ranges Batholith of Southern and Baja California

Geology, Mantle Tomography, and Inclination Corrected Paleogeographic Trajectories Support Westward Subduction During Cretaceous Orogenesis in the North American Cordillera

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