Dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy in drug delivery: a roadmap for correct characterization of nanoparticles and interpretation of results

Abstract

In this focus article, we provide a scrutinizing analysis of transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering as the two common methods to study the sizes of nanoparticles with focus on the application in pharmaceutics and drug delivery.

Enhancing Solubility and Bioefficacy of Stilbenes by Liposomal Encapsulation─The Case of Macasiamenene F

“…The composition of VIII was later modified with PEG ( PEG - VIII ) (Table ) so that PEGylation of nanoparticles prolongs their circulation time in the body, prevents opsonization and subsequent clearance of liposomes, and improves systemic and brain delivery. , The content of MF incorporated representing five molar percent was a predetermined formulation meeting the criteria for size (<200 nm) and homogeneity (PDI < 0.3) (Table S1), as we previously shown for other compounds. , Liposomal encapsulation has also been shown effective in case of RSV (0.3–11 mol %) and its dimer trans-ε-viniferin . The morphological characteristics and homogeneity of the liposomal formulations were investigated through transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) as two commonly used methods to study the size of nanoparticles. , Figure displays representative TEM images of anionic, cationic, neutral, and PEGylated liposomes corresponding to the formulations outlined in Table . These images collectively illustrate the structural features of each liposomal type.…”

“…37 The morphological characteristics and homogeneity of the liposomal formulations were investigated through transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) as two commonly used methods to study the size of nanoparticles. 38,39 Figure 1 displays representative TEM images of anionic, cationic, neutral, and PEGylated liposomes corresponding to the formulations outlined in Table 1. These images collectively illustrate the structural features of each liposomal type.…”

Autoantigenic Peptide and Immunomodulator Codelivery System for Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment by Reestablishing Immune Tolerance

“…The particle size measured by DLS was 201.3 ± 9.19 nm (Figure B andTable S1), and the results are basically consistent. There are slight differences in the results, which may be due to differences in detection principles, testing conditions, and nanoparticle size uniformity between DLS and TEM . The zeta potential of CII 250–270 -LEF-PSL was determined to be −28.97 ± 0.21 mV (Table S1).…”

“…There are slight differences in the results, which may be due to differences in detection principles, testing conditions, and nanoparticle size uniformity between DLS and TEM. 27 The zeta potential of CII 250−270 -LEF-PSL was determined to be −28.97 ± 0.21 mV (Table S1). The EE and DL of LEF were determined to be 86.99 ± 0.08 and 9.07 label liposomes and to observe the uptake of DC2.4 or RAW264.7 cells (Figure 2B).…”

Amino-modified 2-oxazoline copolymers for complexation with DNA

“…Many authors observe a multimodal size distribution and explain it with the above factors. [61][62][63] Based on our previous results on the transfection study using the gold standard polyethyleneimine, which is generally a derivative of polyoxazoline, we have established values of applicable N/P ratios of 3, 7 and 10. This is due to the fact that at higher N/P ratios, despite the satisfactory transfection efficiency, a low viability of HT-1080 cells was observed.…”