Dynamic knee stability and ballistic knee movement after ACL reconstruction: an application on instep soccer kick

Abstract

III.

Does the amount of lower extremity movement variability differ between injured and uninjured populations? A systematic review

“…Overall findings revealed that 73% (n = 16/22) of studies reported a statistically significant difference in at least one dependent variable used to examine movement variability between injured subjects and uninjured controls. Injured subject groups demonstrated greater variability in 64% (n = 14/22) of the studies, reduced variability in 27% (n = 6/22), and no difference between groups was evident in 27% (n = 6/22) . Table presents the percentage of studies reporting greater, less, or no difference in variability when comparing injured subjects to uninjured controls.…”

“…In the studies investigating single specific injuries, 88% (n = 14/16) reported significant between‐group differences. Of these, greater variability was evident in 75% (n = 12/16), reduced variability in 31% (n = 5/16), while 13% (n = 2/16) reported no significant differences between injured and uninjured groups . Table presents the breakdown of findings when specific injury types were group together.…”

“…Injury at the knee joint was most commonly investigated. This was examined in 46% (n = 10/22) of studies with significant findings evident in 90% of these (n = 9/10). In the injured group, greater variability was evident in 80% (n = 8/10) of the studies, reduced variability in 30% (n = 3/10), and no between‐group differences in 10% (n = 1/10) …”

“…Pain was reported in 27% (n = 6/22) of the studies. Within these studies that reported pain, 83% (n = 5/6) found greater variability was evident in the injured group compared to the uninjured group, while one study reported no between‐group differences . Two of these studies assessed subjects’ pain levels using a visual analogue scale during the task performed .…”

“…The second approach used to quantify movement variability involved discrete point analysis, which examined, for example, maximum/minimum metrics to represent the whole waveform. This technique was used in 45% (n = 10/22) of studies, and significant findings were reported in 60% (n = 6/10) of these studies. Greater variability was evident in 40% (n = 4/10), reduced variability in 30% (n = 3/10), and no difference reported in 40% (n = 4/10) …”