Dynamic in vivo kinematics of the intact ovine stifle joint

Tapper, Janet; Fukushima, Shige; Azuma, Hiro; Thornton, Gail M.; Ronsky, Janet L.; Shrive, Nigel G.; Frank, Cyril B.

doi:10.1002/jor.20051

Cited by 60 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…By combining this technology with a Tekscan piezoelectric sensor (4,010 N; Tekscan, South Boston, MA, USA) located underneath the meniscus and attached to the tibial plateau, a measurement of the normal contact stresses during gait was enabled. Six ovine knees were subjected to loads and flexion-extension profiles corresponding to that experienced in the ovine knee joint during gait [30]. The effect of injury (in this case a partial meniscectomy) and repair (in this case via scaffold implantation) on the joint contact stresses transmitted to the tibial plateau were assessed [6].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pre-Clinical Test Platform for the Functional Evaluation of Scaffolds for Musculoskeletal Defects: The Meniscus

et al. 2011

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In an attempt to delay the progression of osteoarthritis from an index injury, early intervention via repair of injured musculoskeletal soft tissue has been advocated. Despite the development of a number of scaffolds intended to treat soft tissue defects, information about their functional performance is lacking. The goal of this study was to consolidate a suite of in vitro and in vivo models into a pre-clinical test platform to assess the functional performance of meniscal repair scaffolds. Our objective was to assess the ability of a scaffold (Actifit™; Orteq, UK) to carry load without detrimentally abrading against articular cartilage. Three test modules were used to assess the functional performance of meniscal repair scaffolds. The first module tested the ability of the scaffold to carry load in an in vitro model designed to measure the change in normal contact stress magnitude on the tibial plateau of cadaveric knees after scaffold implantation. The second module assessed the in vitro frictional coefficient of the scaffold against cartilage to assess the likelihood that the scaffold would destructively abrade against articular cartilage in vivo. The third module consisted of an assessment of functional performance in vivo by measuring the structure and composition of articular cartilage across the tibial plateau 12 months after scaffold implantation in an ovine model. In vitro, the scaffold improved contact mechanics relative to a partly meniscectomized knee suggesting that, in vivo, less damage would be seen in the scaffold implanted knees vs. partly meniscectomized knees. However, there was no significant difference in the condition of articular cartilage between the two groups. Moreover, in spite of the high coefficient of friction between the scaffold and articular cartilage, there was no significant damage in the articular cartilage underneath the scaffold. The discrepancy between the in vitro and in vivo models was likely influenced by the abundant tissue generated within the scaffold and the unexpected tissue that regenerated within the site of the partial meniscectomy. We are currently augmenting our suite of tests so that we can pre-clinically evaluate the functional performance at time zero and as a function of time after implantation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pre-Clinical Test Platform for the Functional Evaluation of Scaffolds for Musculoskeletal Defects: The Meniscus

et al. 2011

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“…The ovine knee's range of motion is usually between 308 and 408. 24 A eff was calculated according to the formula A eff ¼ (U/2)/ 1808 Â (408 À 308) Â width (U/2 ¼ condyle circumference) and compared to the 7/14 mm cartilage defect in order to express the percentage share of the cartilage defect in the effectively loaded area. The percentage share (X 7mm ) of the defect from the effective weight-bearing zone was calculated as follows: X 7mm ¼ (A 7mm Â 100)/A eff .…”

Section: Topographical Sizing Of Condylesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical‐size defect induces unicompartmental osteoarthritis in a stable ovine knee

Schinhan

Gruber

Vavken

et al. 2011

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Animal models simulating osteoarthritis are frequently associated with irreversible changes in biomechanics. Although these models successfully induce osteoarthritis, results of experimental repair procedures are impaired by biomechanical problems. The aim of this study was to define the critical size of a chondral lesion to induce unicompartmental osteoarthritis in a stable joint. Sixteen sheep were randomly divided into four treatment groups. A cartilage defect (7-or 14-mm diameter) was created in the weight-bearing zone of the medial femoral condyle. The sheep were mobilized for 6 or 12 weeks. Osteoarthritis was determined by gross assessment, India ink staining, histology (Mankin score), and analysis of COMP in the serum. In the 6-week group, only minor osteoarthritis was registered for either defect size. After 12 weeks, the 14-mm defect induced minor osteoarthritis at the femoral condyle and caused significant degenerative changes at the tibial articular cartilage and the meniscus. The 7-mm defect created focal unicompartmental osteoarthritis at the medial femoral condyle and minor degenerative changes at the corresponding tibia. A 7-mm full-thickness chondral defect with a weight-bearing regimen of 12 weeks induced local osteoarthritis at the medial compartment in an otherwise stable joint as aimed. ß

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“…24 To our knowledge, no group has measured 3-D motions in the porcine knee for any ADL. Instead, we chose to impose a 6-DOF motion path from the ovine model.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We applied 10 cycles of simulated in vivo knee motions from ovine ADL data 24 while recording the forces and moments. Each simulated gait cycle required 8.22 s. The first 10 cycles were performed at 0 mm of induced ATT.…”

Section: Simulated 6-dof In Vivo Motion Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the effects of anterior tibial translation on anterior knee force in the porcine model: Is the porcine knee ACL dependent?

Boguszewski

Shearn

Wagner³

et al. 2010

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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This study sought to determine anterior force in the porcine knee during simulated 6-degree-of-freedom (DOF) motion to establish the role of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Using a 6-DOF robot, a simulated ovine motion was applied to porcine hind limbs while recording the corresponding forces. Since the porcine knee is more lax than the ovine knee, anterior tibial translations were superimposed on the simulated motion in 2 mm increments from 0 mm to 10 mm to find a condition that would load the ACL. Increments through 8 mm increased anterior knee force, while the 10 mm increment decreased the force. Beyond 4 mm, anterior force increases were non-linear and less than the increases at 2 and 4 mm, which may indicate early structural damage. At 4 mm, the average anterior force was 76.9 AE 10.6 N (mean AE SEM; p < 0.025). The ACL was the primary restraint, accounting for 80-125% of anterior force throughout the range of motion. These results demonstrate the ACL dependence of the porcine knee for the simulated motion, suggesting this model as a candidate for studying ACL function. With reproducible testing conditions that challenge the ACL, this model could be used in developing and screening possible reconstruction strategies. ß

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Dynamic in vivo kinematics of the intact ovine stifle joint

Cited by 60 publications

References 25 publications

A Pre-Clinical Test Platform for the Functional Evaluation of Scaffolds for Musculoskeletal Defects: The Meniscus

A Pre-Clinical Test Platform for the Functional Evaluation of Scaffolds for Musculoskeletal Defects: The Meniscus

Critical‐size defect induces unicompartmental osteoarthritis in a stable ovine knee

Investigating the effects of anterior tibial translation on anterior knee force in the porcine model: Is the porcine knee ACL dependent?

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