Dynamic Gold Nanostructures Based on DNA Self Assembly

Abstract

The combination of DNA nanotechnology and Nano Gold (NG) plasmon has opened exciting possibilities for a new generation of functional plasmonic systems that exhibit tailored optical properties and find utility in various applications. In this review, the booming development of dynamic gold nanostructures are summarized, which are formed by DNA self‐assembly using DNA‐modified NG, DNA frameworks, and various driving forces. The utilization of bottom‐up strategies enables precise control over the assembly of reversible and dynamic aggregations, nano‐switcher structures, and robotic nanomachines capable of undergoing on‐demand, reversible structural changes that profoundly impact their properties. Benefiting from the vast design possibilities, complete addressability, and sub‐10 nm resolution, DNA duplexes, tiles, single‐stranded tiles and origami structures serve as excellent platforms for constructing diverse 3D reconfigurable plasmonic nanostructures with tailored optical properties. Leveraging the responsive nature of DNA interactions, the fabrication of dynamic assemblies of NG becomes readily achievable, and environmental stimulation can be harnessed as a driving force for the nanomotors. It is envisioned that intelligent DNA‐assembled NG nanodevices will assume increasingly important roles in the realms of biological, biomedical, and nanomechanical studies, opening a new avenue toward exploration and innovation.

Dynamic Interface-Assisted Rapid Self-Assembly of DNA Origami-Framed Anisotropic Nanoparticles

“…The self-assembly of nanoparticles into ordered structures is of significant importance for harnessing the excellent physicochemical properties of nanomaterials. − Although van der Waals forces, electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonds, molecular dipole interactions, and DNA base pairing can drive the ordered arrangement of nanoparticles, , it is challenging to assemble nanoparticles into customized morphologies along controlled pathways. The advancement of structural DNA nanotechnology has facilitated the controllable assembly of nanoparticles. − On one hand, by leveraging the addressability of DNA nanostructures, DNA-modified nanoparticles can be assembled onto individual DNA nanostructures with controlled copy numbers and spacing; − on the other hand, DNA nanostructures can encode individual nanoparticles, enabling them to acquire anisotropic specific affinity, thereby allowing nanoparticles to assemble into arrays along predefined pathways. − However, in a solution environment, the assembly rate of the DNA nanostructures themselves, as well as DNA nanostructure-encoded nanoparticles, is relatively slow. Stringent annealing conditions and several tens of hours are often required to obtain arrays with the desired morphology …”

“…The advancement of structural DNA nanotechnology has facilitated the controllable assembly of nanoparticles. 6 − 11 On one hand, by leveraging the addressability of DNA nanostructures, DNA-modified nanoparticles can be assembled onto individual DNA nanostructures with controlled copy numbers and spacing; 12 − 14 on the other hand, DNA nanostructures can encode individual nanoparticles, enabling them to acquire anisotropic specific affinity, thereby allowing nanoparticles to assemble into arrays along predefined pathways. 15 − 17 However, in a solution environment, the assembly rate of the DNA nanostructures themselves, as well as DNA nanostructure-encoded nanoparticles, is relatively slow.…”

In situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) study on the structural evolution behavior of nano Sn sheets under a thermal field

“…1–10 Compared to macroscopic materials, nanomaterials typically exhibit unique and significantly changing physical, chemical, and biological properties. 11–18 However, assembling them into functional nano devices remains a current challenge, and the development in this area is still in its early stages, significantly limiting the practical application of nanomaterials. Nano welding, as a promising nano bonding method with substantial potential and prospects for advancement, enables the utilization of specific mediators known as nano solders to achieve seamless connections between nanomaterials without causing any damage.…”