Dynamic generation of Ince-Gaussian modes with a digital micromirror device

Abstract

Ince-Gaussian (IG) beam with elliptical profile, as a connection between Hermite-Gaussian (HG) and Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beams, has showed unique advantages in some applications such as quantum entanglement and optical micromanipulation. However, its dynamic generation with high switching frequency is still challenging. Here, we experimentally reported the quick generation of Ince-Gaussian beam by using a digital micro-mirror device (DMD), which has the highest switching frequency of 5.2 kHz in principle. The configurable properties of DMD allow us to observe the quasi-smooth variation from LG (with ellipticity ε=0) to IG and HG (ε=∞) beam. This approach might pave a path to high-speed quantum communication in terms of IG beam. Additionally, the characterized axial plane intensity distribution exhibits a 3D mould potentially being employed for optical micromanipulation.

Shaping symmetric Airy beam through binary amplitude modulation for ultralong needle focus

“…The high fill factor makes better utilization of the incident light and suppresses the light shining on the dead area. 26 The fast refreshing rate of approximate 5.2 kHz enables dynamical control over the laser modes with a considerably fast speed. We were able to dynamically create the smooth transverse SAB modes.…”

“…With the amplitude DMD, several optical modes were successfully shaped, including the Laguerre-Gaussian, 33 Bessel modes, 34 flat-top modes, 35 and Ince-Gaussian modes. 26 The shaped modes are of high fidelity, and the DMD could facilitate the dynamic control.…”

“…24,25 The advantage of the DMD is its ability to present the diffractive patterns with a considerably fast speed. 26 Full control over the phase and the amplitude is achieved through binary Lee hologram. 27 With such an amplitude SLM, we were able to demonstrate the gradual transition of the SAB from one-dimensional (1D) to two-dimensional (2D).…”

Tailoring light with a digital micromirror device

“…With their algorithm, a series of higher order LG beams were experimentally created. The ability to shape a beam with amplitude hologram applies not only for modes in cylindrical coordinates, but also in general applies for Cartesian, elliptic, and parabolic coordinates, such as Hermite–Gaussian, Mathieu, and parabolic beams.…”

“…An attempt at shaping light with the DMD was made due to the fast switching rate and polarization insensitivity. A series of transverse laser modes were created with a DMD, including the Laguerre–Gaussian beam, Ince–Gaussian modes, nondiffracting beams, as well as cylindrically symmetric vector‐vortex beams. The DMD with reprogrammable ability provides easily adjustable Young's double slits in optical coherence measurements.…”