Dynamic Functional Connectivity Reveals Abnormal Variability in the Amygdala Subregions of Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Yang, Yue; Yang, Binrang; Zhang, Linlin; Peng, Gang; Fang, Diangang

doi:10.3389/fnins.2021.648143

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…We should note that several studies have indicated precuneus abnormalities was involved in both ADHD and ASD, however with the same effect direction [53,54], which pushed us to enroll typically developing children with ATs in our further study to con rm the acute effect direction of the shared cluster of right PL/precuneus on ADHD and ATs. For the left PL/precuneus, the mALFF alterations was ADHD-speci c, which was consistent with that reported previously [55]. Together with the right caudate nucleus, left precuneus can classifying ADHD from normal groups with 62.52% accuracy [56].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

The specific brain imaging alteration underlying the autistic traits in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Liu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Object: Autistic traits (ATs) were frequently reported in children with attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder (ADHD). This study aimed to examine ATs in children with ADHD from both behavioral and neuroimaging aspects. Method: The Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire was used to assess and define subjects with and without ATs. For the behavioral analyses, 67 ADHD children with ATs (ADHD+ATs), 105 ADHD children without ATs (ADHD-ATs), and 44 typically developing controls (CONs) were recruited. The resting-state functional MRI data were collected and the mean ALFF (mALFF) values were analyzed in a subsample. The ‘brain-behavior’ relationship was explored to illustrate the potential shared and distinct imaging features for ATs and ADHD symptoms. Result:Compared to ADHD-ATs, the ADHD+ATs group showed higher ATs and hyperactivity/impulsivity. Partial correlation analysis indicated hyperactive/impulsive significantly positively correlated with all aspects of ATs in ADHD. Imaging analyses indicated that mALFF values in left middle occipital gyrus (MOG), left parietal lobe (PL)/precuneus and left middle temporal gyrus (MTG) might be specifically related to ADHD, while that of right MTG might be more closely related to ATs. Meanwhile, the altered mALFF in right PL/precuneus was correlated with both ADHD and ATs, whereas with diverse direction. Conclusion:The co-occurrence of ATs in children with ADHD indicated different behavioral characteristics and potentially specific brain functional alterations. The assessment of ATs in children with ADHD could help us to understand the heterogeneity of ADHD, and further improve the exploration of its pathogenesis and promote clinical intervention.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

The specific brain imaging alteration underlying the autistic traits in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Liu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…A meta-analysis by Kofler et al (2013) revealed that children and adolescents (Hedges’ g = 0.76) and adults (g = 0.46) with ADHD demonstrated greater variability relative to control groups (results were corrected for measurements of unreliability and publication bias) [ 16 ]. However, recent studies also introduced dynamic functional connectivity as a promising biomarker in the context of ADHD, suggesting new parameters to quantify the dynamics within and between networks such as recruitment rate, topology of specific synergies between resting-state networks and synergetic cooperation patterns [ 24 ] as well as using the sliding window approach in terms of time-varying covariance of interregional neural signals [ 53 ]. A wavelet-based parameter like wVar, thus, adds valuable information to the current scientific debate to rather focus on dynamics in fMRI than static parameters in ADHD patients.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serotonergic modulation of normal and abnormal brain dynamics: The genetic influence of the TPH2 G-703T genotype and DNA methylation on wavelet variance in children and adolescents with and without ADHD

Akhrif¹,

Romanos²,

Peters³

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that often persists into adulthood. Core symptoms of ADHD, such as impulsivity, are caused by an interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Epigenetic modifications of DNA, such as DNA methylation, are thought to mediate the interplay of these factors. Tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) is the rate-limiting enzyme in brain serotonin synthesis. The TPH2 gene has frequently been investigated in relation to ADHD, e.g., showing that TPH2 G-703T (rs4570625) polymorphism influences response control and prefrontal signaling in ADHD patients. In this (epi)genetic imaging study we examined 144 children and adolescents (74 patients, 14 females) using fMRI at rest and during performing a waiting impulsivity (WI) paradigm. Both, TPH2 G-703T (rs4570625) genotype and DNA methylation in the 5’ untranslated region (5’UTR) of TPH2 were associated with wavelet variance in fronto-parietal regions and behavioral performance, taking TPH2 genotype into account. In detail, comparisons between genotypes of patients and controls revealed highest wavelet variance and longest reaction times in patients carrying the T allele [indicative for a gene-dosage effect, i.e., the WI phenotype is a direct result of the cumulative effect of ADHD and TPH2 variation]. Regressions revealed a significant effect on one specific DNA methylation site in ADHD patients but not controls, in terms of a significant prediction of wavelet variance in fronto-parietal regions as well as premature responses. By the example of the TPH2 G-703T (rs4570625) polymorphism, we provide insight into how interactive genetic and DNA methylation affect the ADHD and/or impulsive endophenotype.

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“…Using the DynamicBC toolbox (Liao et al, 2014 ), the sliding window method was used to analyze the dFC for each participant. According to previous research, the window length is an open but important parameter in sliding window based resting state dynamic computation (Fateh et al, 2020 ; Li et al, 2020 ; Yang et al, 2021 ). This approach can calculate the time-varying covariance of interregional neural signals, which is the variance of dFC, and reveal the temporal aspects of FC during the full scan period.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sun et al ( 2021 ) suggested state-dependent dynamic changes in large-scale brain connections and network topologies in ADHD. Yang et al ( 2021 ) found that children with ADHD have more unstable dFC of the amygdala subregions, which may impact their cognitive skills. As a result, it should be indicated that to ensure successful diagnosis, therapy, and prevention, it is critical to research the sophisticated mechanisms underlying ADHD, as well as the functional deficits of the diseased brain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormal Insular Dynamic Functional Connectivity and Its Relation to Social Dysfunctioning in Children With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Fateh

Huang

et al. 2022

Front. Neurosci.

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Anomalies in large-scale cognitive control networks impacting social attention abilities are hypothesized to be the cause of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The precise nature of abnormal brain functional connectivity (FC) dynamics including other regions, on the other hand, is unknown. The concept that insular dynamic FC (dFC) among distinct brain regions is dysregulated in children with ADHD was evaluated using Insular subregions, and we studied how these dysregulations lead to social dysfunctioning. Data from 30 children with ADHD and 28 healthy controls (HCs) were evaluated using dynamic resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). We evaluated the dFC within six subdivisions, namely both left and right dorsal anterior insula (dAI), ventral anterior insula (vAI), and posterior insula (PI). Using the insular sub-regions as seeds, we performed group comparison between the two groups. To do so, two sample t-tests were used, followed by post-hoc t-tests. Compared to the HCs, patients with ADHD exhibited decreased dFC values between right dAI and the left middle frontal gyrus, left postcentral gyrus and right of cerebellum crus, respectively. Results also showed a decreased dFC between left dAI and thalamus, left vAI and left precuneus and left PI with temporal pole. From the standpoint of the dynamic functional connectivity of insular subregions, our findings add to the growing body of evidence on brain dysfunction in ADHD. This research adds to our understanding of the neurocognitive mechanisms behind social functioning deficits in ADHD. Future ADHD research could benefit from merging the dFC approach with task-related fMRI and non-invasive brain stimulation, which could aid in the diagnosis and treatment of the disorder.

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Dynamic Functional Connectivity Reveals Abnormal Variability in the Amygdala Subregions of Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Cited by 9 publications

References 82 publications

The specific brain imaging alteration underlying the autistic traits in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

The specific brain imaging alteration underlying the autistic traits in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Serotonergic modulation of normal and abnormal brain dynamics: The genetic influence of the TPH2 G-703T genotype and DNA methylation on wavelet variance in children and adolescents with and without ADHD

Abnormal Insular Dynamic Functional Connectivity and Its Relation to Social Dysfunctioning in Children With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

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