Dynamic fuel cell stack model for real-time simulation based on system identification

Meiler, M.; Schmid, O.; Schudy, M.; Hofer, Eberhard P.

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.08.051

Cited by 48 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Meiler and co-workers [3,17] modeled dynamic voltage response with ''black box'' models constructed from linear or nonlinear transfer functions from experimental data. The model structure was chosen only by suitability and the model parameters were found by leastsquares fit to experimental data.…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The model structure was chosen only by suitability and the model parameters were found by leastsquares fit to experimental data. They rejected theory-based ''physical'' models of dynamic response as being too complex and requiring far too much computing time [3]. Hussaini and Wang [18] empirically correlated maximum voltage undershoot to the size of change in HFR.…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heat and water management processes determine transient response characteristics of PEM fuel cell power systems, which need to produce power with varying load conditions. In practice, sophisticated models have been used, which combine a nonlinear static model for steady-state voltage with a linear dynamic subsystem to describe the voltage evolution, with time, between steady points [3]. Steady voltage might be estimated by a lookup table that references operating parameters.…”

Section: Introduction Problem Consideredmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regression analysis of PEM fuel cell transient response

Edwards

Demuren

2016

Int J Energy Environ Eng

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To develop operating strategies in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell-powered applications, precise computationally efficient models of the fuel cell stack voltage are required. Models are needed for all operating conditions, including transients. In this work, transient evolutions of voltage, in response to load changes, are modeled with a sum of three exponential decay functions. Amplitude factors are correlated to steady-state operating data (temperature, humidity, average current, resistance, and voltage). The obtained time constants reflect known processes of the membrane heat/water transport. These model parameters can form the basis for the prediction of voltage overshoot/undershoot used in computational-based control systems, used in real-time simulation. Furthermore, the results provide an empirical basis for the estimation of the magnitude of temporary voltage loss to be expected with sudden load changes, as well as a systematic method for the analysis of experimental data. Its applicability is currently limited to thin membranes with low to moderate humidity gases, and with adequately high reactant-gas stoichiometry.

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Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction Problem Consideredmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regression analysis of PEM fuel cell transient response

Edwards

Demuren

2016

Int J Energy Environ Eng

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“…The authors exposed that the split model allows to reduce the computational time and to improve the accuracy. A split model was also presented in [23]. Regarding the dynamic part, the inputs were the current and the cathode pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal and Electrical Parameter Identification of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Using Genetic Algorithm

et al. 2018

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Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) fuel cells is a technology successfully used in the production of energy from hydrogen, allowing the use of hydrogen as an energy vector. It is scalable for stationary and mobile applications. However, the technology demands more research. An important research topic is fault diagnosis and condition monitoring to improve the life and the efficiency and to reduce the operation costs of PEMFC devices. Consequently, there is a need of physical models that allow deep analysis. These models must be accurate enough to represent the PEMFC behavior and to allow the identification of different internal signals of a PEM fuel cell. This work presents a PEM fuel cell model that uses the output temperature in a closed loop, so it can represent the thermal and the electrical behavior. The model is used to represent a Nexa Ballard 1.2 kW fuel cell; therefore, it is necessary to fit the coefficients to represent the real behavior. Five optimization algorithms were tested to fit the model, three of them taken from literature and two proposed in this work. Finally, the model with the identified parameters was validated with real data.

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“…The effect of ripple current was analyzed and a nonlinear controller was developed employing dynamic simulations of a fuel cell [23]. Real-time simulation of fuel cell dynamic models has been used to improve fuel cell subsystems and dc-dc converters [24], [25]. Voltage and thermal dynamic models of PEM fuel cell layers were organized and mathematical equations for computational software were proposed [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Model of PEM Fuel Cell Using Real-time Simulation Techniques

Jung¹,

Ahmed²

2010

Journal of Power Electronics

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The increased integration of fuel cells with power electronics, critical loads, and control systems has prompted recent interest in accurate electrical terminal models of the polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell. Advancement in computing technologies, particularly parallel computation techniques and various real-time simulation tools have allowed the prototyping of novel apparatus to be investigated in a virtual system under a wide range of realistic conditions repeatedly, safely, and economically. This paper builds upon both advancements and provides a means of optimized model construction boosting computation speeds for a fuel cell model on a real-time simulator which can be used in a power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) application. Significant improvement in computation time has been achieved. The effectiveness of the proposed model developed on Opal RT's RT-Lab Matlab/Simulink based real-time engineering simulator is verified using experimental results from a Ballard Nexa fuel cell system.

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Dynamic fuel cell stack model for real-time simulation based on system identification

Cited by 48 publications

References 10 publications

Regression analysis of PEM fuel cell transient response

Regression analysis of PEM fuel cell transient response

Thermal and Electrical Parameter Identification of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Using Genetic Algorithm

Dynamic Model of PEM Fuel Cell Using Real-time Simulation Techniques

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