Dynamic flow control and performance comparison of different concepts of two-phase on-chip cooling cycles

Energy efficient hotspot-targeted embedded liquid cooling of electronics

“…However, the inability to follow the Dennard supply voltage has lead to high chip heat flux dissipation densities, especially during the last decade [2]. As a consequence, electronic reliability considerations are driving a shift away from air-cooling [3] towards a number of alternative approaches including liquid cooling [4,5], two-phase cooling [6,7], phase change materials (PCM) [8,9] and nanofluids [10,11]. Single-phase liquid cooling has long been identified as an effective and feasible approach for cooling high heat flux density chips.…”

Energy efficiency and renewable energy integration in data centres. Strategies and modelling review

“…Liquid cooling can be accomplished using a cold-plate heat exchanger positioned directly above the Central Processing Unit (CPU) or some other approach that brings water in close but not immersive contact with the CPU. Marcinichen et al [12] experimentally evaluated a hybrid on-chip two-phase cooling cycle showing high thermal performance and potential for heat recovery when compared with traditional air cooling systems in current use. However, liquid in electronic equipment raises a concern about leaks and can cause irrevocable damage if it comes into direct contact with IT equipment.…”

Experimental investigation on two-phase thermosyphon loop with partially liquid-filled downcomer

“…The TPTL is capable of transferring heat with high heat flux over a relatively long distance, and maintains excellent isothermality. Consequently, the TPTL has been extensively used in some traditional fields, such as cooling of electronic components [2][3][4][5], light water reactors [6][7][8], and solar water heater systems [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”