Dynamic field testing of coating chemistry candidates by a rotating disk system

Nolte, Kim A.; Koc, Julian; Barros, Julio; Hunsucker, Kelli Z.; Schultz, Michael P.; Swain, Geoffrey; Rosenhahn, Axel

doi:10.1080/08927014.2018.1459578

Cited by 15 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…37 We applied our recently developed dynamic field exposure assay based on a rotating disk capable of distinguishing early biofilm formation on model surfaces. 42 The rotating disk has a speed of 12 rpm, which results in a wall shear stress of 0.18 Pa, a value that was found to be suitable for discriminating between the performance of the different surface chemistries regarding diatom attachment under dynamic conditions in the laboratory. 52 The dynamic exposure in the ocean environment showed differences in diatom attachment on a PG coating 16 and 26 nm thick.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fouling-Release Properties of Dendritic Polyglycerols against Marine Diatoms

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Nolte

et al. 2018

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Dendritic polyglycerols (PGs) were grafted onto surfaces using a ring-opening polymerization reaction and the fouling-release properties against marine organisms were determined. The coatings were characterized by spectroscopic ellipsometry, contact angle goniometry, ATR-FTIR and stability tests in different aqueous media. A high resistance towards the attachment of different proteins was found. The PG coatings with three different thicknesses were tested in a laboratory assay against the diatom Navicula incerta and in a field assay using a rotating disk. Under static conditions, the PG coatings did not inhibit the initial attachment of diatoms, but up to 94 % of attached diatoms could be removed from the coatings after exposure to a shear stress of 19 Pa.Fouling-release was found to be enhanced if the coatings were sufficiently thick. The excellent fouling-release properties were supported in dynamic field-immersion experiments in which the samples were continually exposed to a shear stress of 0.18 Pa.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fouling-Release Properties of Dendritic Polyglycerols against Marine Diatoms

Wanka

Finlay

Nolte

et al. 2018

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Dynamic Short-Term Field Exposure on a Rotating Disk: Field testing was executed on a custom-built rotating disk at Port Canaveral, Florida, USA (28°24'29.4''N 80°37'37,7''W) following previously published protocols. [60] The calculated shear force at the center of the samples was 0.14 Pa. After a 7-days immersion, the absorbed material was treated with 2.5 wt% glutaraldehyde (Fisher Scientific, Pittsburg PA, USA) for fixation. The absorbed material was quantified using the fluorescence coverage of 60 fields of view (light source: ExFO XCite-120, Excelitas Technologies Corp., filter: BV-2A, excitation: 400-440 nm, dichroic mirror: 455, barrier filter: 470, Nikon Instruments).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Fouling Polysulfobetaines with Variable Hydrophobic Content

Schardt

Guajardo

Koc

et al. 2021

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Amphiphilic polymer coatings combining hydrophilic elements, in particular zwitterionic groups, and hydrophobic elements comprise a promising strategy to decrease biofouling. However, the influence of the content of the hydrophobic component in zwitterionic coatings on the interfacial molecular reorganization dynamics and the anti-fouling performance is not well understood. Therefore, coatings of amphiphilic copolymers of sulfobetaine methacrylate 3-[N-2'-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl-N,N-dimethyl]-ammonio propane-1-sulfonate (SPE) are prepared which contain increasing amounts of hydrophobic n-butyl methacrylate (BMA). Their fouling resistance is compared to that of their homopolymers PSPE and PBMA. The photo-crosslinked coatings form hydrogel films with a hydrophilic surface. Fouling by the proteins fibrinogen and lysozyme as well as by the diatom Navicula perminuta and the green algae Ulva linza is assessed in laboratory assays. While biofouling is strongly reduced by all zwitterionic coatings, the best fouling resistance is obtained for the amphiphilic copolymers. Also in preliminary field tests, the anti-fouling performance of the amphiphilic copolymer films is superior to that of both homopolymers. When the coatings are exposed to a marine environment, the reduced susceptibility to silt incorporation, in particular compared to the most hydrophilic polyzwitterion PSPE, likely contributes to the improved fouling resistance.

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“…Core community was better related to shear stress than to original microbial groups in stream or floodplain ecosystems (Niederdorfer et al, 2016), and biofilm thickness was affected by velocity (Battin et al, 2003). In marine ecosystems, only diatom communities have been studied, revealing a change in both cell number and composition (Zargiel and Swain, 2014; Nolte et al, 2018). This suggests that hydrodynamic stress influences biological settlement on marine surfaces, but little is known about the impact of shear stress on prokaryotic biofilm development in natural conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shear Stress as a Major Driver of Marine Biofilm Communities in the NW Mediterranean Sea

et al. 2019

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While marine biofilms depend on environmental conditions and substrate, little is known about the influence of hydrodynamic forces. We tested different immersion modes (dynamic, cyclic and static) in Toulon Bay (north-western Mediterranean Sea; NWMS). The static mode was also compared between Toulon and Banyuls Bays. In addition, different artificial surfaces designed to hamper cell attachment (self-polishing coating: SPC; and fouling-release coating: FRC) were compared to inert plastic. Prokaryotic community composition was affected by immersion mode, surface characteristics and site. Rhodobacteriaceae and Flavobacteriaceae dominated the biofilm community structure, with distinct genera according to surface type or immersion mode. Cell density increased with time, greatly limited by hydrodynamic forces, and supposed to delay biofilm maturation. After 1 year, a significant impact of shear stress on the taxonomic structure of the prokaryotic community developed on each surface type was observed. When surfaces contained no biocides, roughness and wettability shaped prokaryotic community structure, which was not enhanced by shear stress. Conversely, the biocidal effect of SPC surfaces, already major in static immersion mode, was amplified by the 15 knots speed. The biofilm community on SPC was 60% dissimilar to the biofilm on the other surfaces and was distinctly colonized by Sphingomonadaceae ((Alter)Erythrobacter). At Banyuls, prokaryotic community structures were more similar between the four surfaces tested than at Toulon, due possibly to a masking effect of environmental constraints, especially hydrodynamic, which was greater than in Toulon. Finally, predicted functions such as cell adhesion confirmed some of the hypotheses drawn regarding biofilm formation over the artificial surfaces tested here.

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Dynamic field testing of coating chemistry candidates by a rotating disk system

Cited by 15 publications

References 80 publications

Fouling-Release Properties of Dendritic Polyglycerols against Marine Diatoms

Fouling-Release Properties of Dendritic Polyglycerols against Marine Diatoms

Low Fouling Polysulfobetaines with Variable Hydrophobic Content

Shear Stress as a Major Driver of Marine Biofilm Communities in the NW Mediterranean Sea

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