Dynamic evaluation of toe–heel and medio-lateral load distribution and hoof landing patterns in sound, unshod Standardbred horses with toed-in, toed-out and normal hoof conformation

Mokry, Anna; Water, Eline Van de; Politiek, H T; Doorn, D.A. van; Pille, Frederik; Oosterlinck, Maarten

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2020.105593

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Since factors such as breed 45 , 46 and level of training 48 have a systematic influence on the horse’s motion pattern, knowledge of the expected pattern for a particular type of horse may be required to distinguish between normal variation and signs of lameness or other orthopaedic conditions. Studies have suggested that breed-specific reference values can be necessary to distinguish between normal and abnormal gait 46 , 49 . Increased knowledge about normal variations in pelvic motion could be helpful in order to identify abnormalities, such as motion pattern deviations associated with subtle or bilateral lameness, which is difficult to detect reliably with other methods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal variation in pelvic roll motion pattern during straight-line trot in hand in warmblood horses

Byström,

Hardeman,

Engell

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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In horses, hip hike asymmetry, i.e. left–right difference in hip upwards movement during hind limb protraction in trot, is a crucial lameness sign. Vertical hip movements are complex, influenced by both pelvic roll and pelvic vertical motion. Veterinarians find it challenging to identify low-grade lameness, and knowledge of normal variation is a prerequisite for discerning abnormalities. This study, which included 100 clinically sound Warmblood horses, aimed to describe normal variation in pelvic roll stride patterns. Data were collected during straight-line trot in hand using optical motion capture. Stride-segmented pelvic roll data, normalised with respect to time (0–100% of the stride) and amplitude (± 0.5 of horse average stride range of motion), were modelled as a linear combination of sine and cosine curves. A sine curve with one period per stride and a cosine curve with three periods per stride explained the largest proportions of roll motion: model estimate 0.335 (p < 0.01) and 0.138 (p < 0.01), respectively. Using finite mixture models, the horses could be separated into three groups sharing common pelvic roll characteristics. In conclusion, pelvic roll motion in trot follows a similar basic pattern in most horses, yet there is significant individual variation in the relative prominence of the most characteristic features.

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