“…Cost coefficients were set as a i ∼ U(0.01, 1), b i ∼ U (20, 20.5), c i ∼ U(600, 1530) [28]. The configuration data of the test systems such as load profiles, DGs' ramping rates, predicted outputs of PVs were obtained from [20,23,29] with proportional modifications. P G t0 and P ft0 were set as the average output of each DG and zero, respectively, and parameters λ 0 = 0.1, v 0 = 0.1, μ = 10, α = 0.1, β = 0.7, ε feas = 10 −4 , and ε = 10 −4 were applied.…”