Dynamic distribution of Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae) and incidence of viral disease in different zucchini ( Cucurbita pepo L.) cultivars

Shen, Jie; Li, Xianwei; Wang, Jun; Chun, Zhang; Li, Ling; Zhang, Lijun

doi:10.1016/j.bse.2018.01.002

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…According to the literature, most experiments to determine the plant resistance through insect life tables and population growth parameters were cultured for less than five generations [25,34,47,48]. In the present study, when we investigated the reproductive days, mean longevity, fecundity (offspring), and R 0 values, these were clearly higher for the G1-G5 Hu populations than for the HA-3 groups, which is consistent with previous reports [34].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

New Insights into the Life History Changes Can Enhance Control Strategies for Therioaphis trifolii

et al. 2022

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The spotted alfalfa aphid (SAA), Therioaphis trifolii, is a phloem-feeding pest with a complex life history, and it causes a tremendous global loss of crop yields. A large number of previous studies focused only on few-generation life tables, whereas multi-generation life tables could explore aphid adaptation processes that are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of physical characters of alfalfa on SAA growth and development and used life-table parameters to evaluate the transgenerational effects of SAA populations on highly resistant (HA-3) and highly susceptible (Hu) alfalfa cultivars. The results indicated that alfalfa waxy content, anatomical structure of vegetative organs, and density and length of leaf hairs were significantly positively correlated with resistance to the SAA. In terms of the developmental time of total preoviposition period (TPOP), no significant differences were observed between two populations; compared to the HA-3 population, the G2-G8 Hu populations were markedly lower and G9-G10 Hu populations were visibly higher. Meanwhile, the reproductive days, mean longevity, and fecundity (offspring) of the HA-3 population were obviously higher than those of the Hu group after G5. Furthermore, the finite rate of increase (λ) and intrinsic rate of increase (r) of HA-3 were significantly higher than for the Hu population after G7. Meanwhile, the net reproductive rate (R0) and mean generation time (T) of HA-3 were significantly higher than for the Hu population after G5. On the whole, the SAA had a high survival rate, strong reproductive capacity, long life span, and high population growth parameters on Hu in the early stage, while the SAA had better growth and development on HA-3 in the late stage. The physical characteristics of alfalfa leaves could be used as one of the indicators of aphid resistance. However, the coevolutionary coupling was broken with the gradual adaptation of SAA, which provides an empirical basis for further exploring the mechanisms of alfalfa resistance to aphids and the integrated control of pests.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

New Insights into the Life History Changes Can Enhance Control Strategies for Therioaphis trifolii

et al. 2022

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“…Furthermore, overuse of these insecticides has had serious undesirable effects on the environment and human health, 11–14 while also leaving residues in fruits 15,16 that reduce market value and may lead to rejection in export markets 17 . As an alternative to chemical control, there is a resurgence of interest in the use of resistant cultivars, parasitoids, new greenhouse covers, vermicompost and bioinsecticides in an integrated pest management (IPM) approach 18–24 . Among these alternative methods, entomopathogenic fungi in particular are promising bioinsecticide candidates for aphid control 25,26 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 As an alternative to chemical control, there is a resurgence of interest in the use of resistant cultivars, parasitoids, new greenhouse covers, vermicompost and bioinsecticides in an integrated pest management (IPM) approach. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Among these alternative methods, entomopathogenic fungi in particular are promising bioinsecticide candidates for aphid control. 25,26 A large number of entomopathogenic fungi contribute to the natural regulation of aphid populations in the field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection and characterization of thermotolerant Beauveria bassiana isolates and with insecticidal activity against the cotton‐melon aphid Aphis gossypii (Glover) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Mseddi

Farhat-Touzri

Azzouz

2022

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND: Cotton-melon aphid Aphis gossypii (Glover) causes severe damage mainly to cucurbits. Twenty-two Beauveria sp. isolates were simultaneously assessed for their pathogenicity and heat tolerance. The selected isolates were identified molecularly and characterized in terms of conidial germination rate, mycelial growth, conidial yield and endophytic activity. RESULTS: Screening bioassays showed that the B. bassiana isolates B3, B7, B9 and B12 were the most toxic, inducing mortality equal to or slightly higher than the commercialized strain B. bassiana BNat (70.7%). Median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) bioassays revealed that only isolate B12 had a significantly lower LC 50 value (5.4 × 10 5 conidia ml −1 ) than strain BNat (5 × 10 6 conidia ml −1 ). The heat tolerance screening test (1 h of exposure to 45°C) allowed us to select isolates B3, B7, B9 and B12 with germination rates of 57.5% to 80.1% after 24 h incubation at 25°C, all significantly higher than strain BNat (22.1%). The germination rates of all isolates decreased significantly after 2 h of exposure to 45°C, with the exception of isolate B12 which displayed the highest thermotolerance (72% germination). The four selected isolates were able to endophytically colonize cucumber leaves when applied to the foliage. Inoculation of cucumber plants with isolate B12 did not affect cucumber plant growth. However, several plant growth parameters were improved 5 weeks after root inoculation.CONCLUSION: On the basis of its potent toxicity and thermotolerance, isolate B12 is a good candidate for further development as a biopesticide for use in integrated pest management strategies for aphid control.

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“…U. Braun & Shishkoff and Leveillula taurica (Lév.) G. Arnaud, are the most harmful organisms that cause plant damage and production losses in zucchini crops [28][29][30]. Aphis gossypii is considered the major pest of cucurbits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent decades, the most used strategies to control aphid infestations and pathogens in zucchinis have been primarily focused on the selection of resistant genotypes [28,36,37] and on the use of pesticides [38,39]. Although pesticides may effectively reduce aphid populations in field, their use may improve the dispersion of viruses transmitted by aphids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Below-Ground Microbial Biostimulant Trichoderma harzianum on Diseases, Insect Community, and Plant Performance in Cucurbita pepo L. under Open Field Conditions

et al. 2022

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Agrochemicals are generally used in agriculture to maximize yields and product quality, but their overuse can cause environmental pollution and human health problems. To reduce the off-farm input of chemicals, numerous biostimulant products based on beneficial symbiont plant fungi are receiving a great deal of attention. The evolution of plant diseases and the performance of insects are influenced by plant chemical defences, both of which are, in turn, influenced by below-ground symbionts. Direct and indirect plant defences mediated by belowground symbionts against plant diseases and insect herbivores were demonstrated in greenhouses experiments. However, little attention has been paid to the use of Trichoderma under open field conditions, and no data are available for zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) plants in the field. To determine the effects of a commercial Trichoderma harzianum strain T22 on plant viruses, powdery mildew, the arthropod community, and on the agronomic performance associated with zucchini plants, an experiment was conducted in 2022 under open field conditions in South Italy. Our results indicate that T. harzianum T22 makes zucchini plants more attractive to aphids and to Hymenoptera parasitoid but failed to control zucchini pathogens. The complex plant–disease–arthropod–microorganism interactions that occurred in the field during the entire plant cycle are discussed to enrich our current information on the possibilities of using these microorganisms as a green alternative in agriculture.

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Dynamic distribution of Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae) and incidence of viral disease in different zucchini ( Cucurbita pepo L.) cultivars

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

New Insights into the Life History Changes Can Enhance Control Strategies for Therioaphis trifolii

New Insights into the Life History Changes Can Enhance Control Strategies for Therioaphis trifolii

Selection and characterization of thermotolerant Beauveria bassiana isolates and with insecticidal activity against the cotton‐melon aphid Aphis gossypii (Glover) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Effects of Below-Ground Microbial Biostimulant Trichoderma harzianum on Diseases, Insect Community, and Plant Performance in Cucurbita pepo L. under Open Field Conditions

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