“…Sugeli, Yulin, and other massive large-scale coal-derived gas fields have been identified (Yao et al, 2013;Zhu et al, 2013;Wang and Wang, 2013). The basin covers areas of the Shaanxi, Shanxi, and Gansu provinces and two autonomous regions, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia, covering an area of approximately 37×10 4 km 2 in total (Wang et al, 2013;Li et al, 2010;Liu et al, 2008). The basement is a metamorphic rock series formed in the Archean to Paleoproterozoic.…”
Section: Regional Geological Conditionsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the Mesoproterozoic to Neoproterozoic, it changed to a faulted trough that was filled with shallow sea classic rocks and carbonate sediments Hao et al, 2012). The distribution of oil and gas and the structure of sedimentary caprock were controlled directly by the pattern of the basement tectonics (Liu et al, 2008;Luo, 2008;Duan et al, 2008). Then, in the early Paleozoic, it evolved to an infracratonic basin, and the sediment derived from an epicontinental carbonate platform.…”
Oil seepage is one of the most important characteristics of hydrocarbon formation, and understanding oil seepage is crucial for oil-gas exploration and the assessment of petroleum resources. Remote sensing and geochemical methods have the same material and theoretical bases for extracting oil and gas information from underlying strata and the identification of media features. As an emerging exploration method, hyperspectral remote sensing is efficient compared with traditional geochemistry because it is a finer, and sometimes more directly quantitative method for determining the specific mineral anomaly content. Hence, the use of both methods together is important. This paper describes the analysis of hyperspectral remote sensing data and the extraction of abnormal index information, including the level of carbonate alteration and the content of acidolytical hydrocarbons, pyrolysis hydrocarbons, headspace gas, and ferric and ferrous ions. The two methods have mutual authentication, and they are complementary and are useful in oil-bearing areas. When these methods are integrated, the acidolytical hydrocarbon index is the most effective geochemical index and is better at characterizing the oil field distribution than other indices. Also, hydrocarbon geochemical anomalies occurring in oil fields generally show continuous distribution points and are consistent with oil reservoirs. Consequently, a 3D model was established to comprehensively utilize hyperspectral remote sensing and geochemical data to determine the distribution of petroleum reservoirs efficiently as well as to delineate oil- and gas-bearing prospects. There is great potential for determining oil- and gas-bearing fields through the integration of hyperspectral and geochemical data.
“…Sugeli, Yulin, and other massive large-scale coal-derived gas fields have been identified (Yao et al, 2013;Zhu et al, 2013;Wang and Wang, 2013). The basin covers areas of the Shaanxi, Shanxi, and Gansu provinces and two autonomous regions, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia, covering an area of approximately 37×10 4 km 2 in total (Wang et al, 2013;Li et al, 2010;Liu et al, 2008). The basement is a metamorphic rock series formed in the Archean to Paleoproterozoic.…”
Section: Regional Geological Conditionsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the Mesoproterozoic to Neoproterozoic, it changed to a faulted trough that was filled with shallow sea classic rocks and carbonate sediments Hao et al, 2012). The distribution of oil and gas and the structure of sedimentary caprock were controlled directly by the pattern of the basement tectonics (Liu et al, 2008;Luo, 2008;Duan et al, 2008). Then, in the early Paleozoic, it evolved to an infracratonic basin, and the sediment derived from an epicontinental carbonate platform.…”
Oil seepage is one of the most important characteristics of hydrocarbon formation, and understanding oil seepage is crucial for oil-gas exploration and the assessment of petroleum resources. Remote sensing and geochemical methods have the same material and theoretical bases for extracting oil and gas information from underlying strata and the identification of media features. As an emerging exploration method, hyperspectral remote sensing is efficient compared with traditional geochemistry because it is a finer, and sometimes more directly quantitative method for determining the specific mineral anomaly content. Hence, the use of both methods together is important. This paper describes the analysis of hyperspectral remote sensing data and the extraction of abnormal index information, including the level of carbonate alteration and the content of acidolytical hydrocarbons, pyrolysis hydrocarbons, headspace gas, and ferric and ferrous ions. The two methods have mutual authentication, and they are complementary and are useful in oil-bearing areas. When these methods are integrated, the acidolytical hydrocarbon index is the most effective geochemical index and is better at characterizing the oil field distribution than other indices. Also, hydrocarbon geochemical anomalies occurring in oil fields generally show continuous distribution points and are consistent with oil reservoirs. Consequently, a 3D model was established to comprehensively utilize hyperspectral remote sensing and geochemical data to determine the distribution of petroleum reservoirs efficiently as well as to delineate oil- and gas-bearing prospects. There is great potential for determining oil- and gas-bearing fields through the integration of hyperspectral and geochemical data.
“…suggested that primary oil migration mainly occurred along the kerogen network and that expansion during hydrocarbon generation can provide sufficient energy for primary oil migration. Other researchers have suggested that overpressure caused by disequilibrium compaction was the main driving force of hydrocarbon expulsion from the Chang7 source rocks (Xi et al, 2004;Liu et al, 2008).…”
Section: The Intense Period Of Oil Migrationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The results Figure 19. The theoretical oil column height needed to overcome the capillary pressure in the Chang8 1 reservoirs in the Longdong area (Liu, 2008). southwest region (Fig.…”
Section: The Intense Period Of Oil Migrationmentioning
In recent years, understanding the distribution of oil and water in tight sandstones has been a challenge in the exploration and development of the Chang 81 Member in the Longdong area of the Ordos Basin. The spatial pattern of the oil/water contacts pattern varies widely over a distance of 160 km from south to north. The origin of these patterns is unknown. The present-day oil-water distribution in the reservoirs reflects the superimposed effects of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation. An integrated analysis of the characteristics of the present-day oil-water distribution in the Chang81 Member revealed that the a typical water-oil relationships are primarily located in the northeastern oil migration zone, and nearly normal water-oil relationships are located in the southwestern oil accumulation zone. Large-scale oil accumulation occurred at the end of the Early Cretaceous in response to strong fluid dynamics. The oil migrated from northeast to southwest in the slightly oil-wet carrier beds, and nearly normal water-oil relationships and larger accumulations formed in the Xifeng and Heshui oilfields in the southwest. The fluid dynamics subsequently weakened, and reservoir heterogeneity dominated, causing the oil to be trapped more easily in the tight reservoirs in the deeper parts of the northeastern oil migration zone. A typical oil-water distributions, such as inverted oil-water distributions, gradational oil-water interfaces, and low-abundance oil reservoirs, developed in such locations as the Huachi oilfield. Strong reservoir heterogeneity existed in both stages, but the fluid dynamics were significantly different, which controlled the distribution of oil and water in the tight reservoirs.
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