Abstract:Heritage constructions presents high significance and importance for society. As way of contribution for the preservation of the heritage constructions, this paper presents a study on the dynamic behavior of a heritage construction, part of the historic center of Sobral city, located at the north region of Ceará State, namely the Nossa Senhora das Dores Church, a church from the beginning of the 19th century, built in clay brick walls. In this study, ambient vibration tests were performed aiming to obtainment … Show more
“…It is worth noting that, after calibrating the Young's Modulus in order to reproduce the first numerical natural frequency, a good adherence between experimental and numerical results was also obtained for the second and third frequency, denoting that the numerical model reproduces correctly stiffness and masses of the church. In literature is rather usual the use of ambient vibration testing information for calibration of numerical models, summarizing the natural frequencies information about the modal parameters of the structure [34,35,36,37,38,39]; usually, an error between experimental and numerical results up to about 5 % is considered acceptable. In the present calibration the biggest error -obtained as the difference between the natural frequency of the structure extracted by ambient vibration test and the natural frequency extracted by numerical analysis -was 2.6 %, therefore the calibration has been considered successful (taking into account both the aim of the numerical model and its refinement Analyzing the numerical modal shapes of the church (Fig.…”
Section: Calibration Of the Mechanical Propertiesmentioning
Preservation of historical constructions, and passing it on to future generations, is a major issue in modern societies. Earthquakes are one of the major causes of damages to heritage buildings across the world. The city of Sobral (Ceará State, Brazil) keeps in its historic center a large number of heritage buildings and, since 2008, an intense seismic activity has been observed. This study aims to contribute to the preservation of the Sobral heritage constructions against seismic loads through the assessment of the seismic behavior of one representative building: the Nossa Senhora das Dores Church, a 19 th century historical construction. First, a 3D finite element (FE) model was built and tuned according to the results of dynamic tests performed under environmental loads. Next, the FE model was employed to assess the seismic behavior of the church by performing linear time-history analyses employing two real earthquakes. The results showed big displacements and high stresses in many parts of the church, allowing to identify the most critical and most susceptible to damage areas (based on the seismic scenarios considered). These results can be considered as a support for seismic retrofitting measures to be adopted on Sobral heritage constructions.
“…It is worth noting that, after calibrating the Young's Modulus in order to reproduce the first numerical natural frequency, a good adherence between experimental and numerical results was also obtained for the second and third frequency, denoting that the numerical model reproduces correctly stiffness and masses of the church. In literature is rather usual the use of ambient vibration testing information for calibration of numerical models, summarizing the natural frequencies information about the modal parameters of the structure [34,35,36,37,38,39]; usually, an error between experimental and numerical results up to about 5 % is considered acceptable. In the present calibration the biggest error -obtained as the difference between the natural frequency of the structure extracted by ambient vibration test and the natural frequency extracted by numerical analysis -was 2.6 %, therefore the calibration has been considered successful (taking into account both the aim of the numerical model and its refinement Analyzing the numerical modal shapes of the church (Fig.…”
Section: Calibration Of the Mechanical Propertiesmentioning
Preservation of historical constructions, and passing it on to future generations, is a major issue in modern societies. Earthquakes are one of the major causes of damages to heritage buildings across the world. The city of Sobral (Ceará State, Brazil) keeps in its historic center a large number of heritage buildings and, since 2008, an intense seismic activity has been observed. This study aims to contribute to the preservation of the Sobral heritage constructions against seismic loads through the assessment of the seismic behavior of one representative building: the Nossa Senhora das Dores Church, a 19 th century historical construction. First, a 3D finite element (FE) model was built and tuned according to the results of dynamic tests performed under environmental loads. Next, the FE model was employed to assess the seismic behavior of the church by performing linear time-history analyses employing two real earthquakes. The results showed big displacements and high stresses in many parts of the church, allowing to identify the most critical and most susceptible to damage areas (based on the seismic scenarios considered). These results can be considered as a support for seismic retrofitting measures to be adopted on Sobral heritage constructions.
“…The first local mode of the dome (51.44 Hz) corresponds to a vertical mobilization of the center of the dome, which appears as a very rigid element. The average error between the numerical and experimental results of the frequencies is 7.8% with the initial values adopted for the material properties, with an error of up to 5% being considered acceptable [81]. Judging that this error is due to the complexity of the construction, the simplifications adopted in the numerical model and the parameters involved in the calibration, it becomes necessary to calibrate the model properties of the most relevant materials.…”
Section: Eigenvalue Analysis and Calibration Of The Modelmentioning
Modern non-destructive investigation techniques and computational tools for nonlinear analysis allow understanding the structural behavior and damage of existing buildings, aiming at the least possible extent of intervention. Careful and minimal intervention is essential to preserve the authenticity of the built cultural heritage. An investigation with a historical, experimental, and numerical approach was carried out in the Theatro Municipal do Rio de Janeiro, in Brazil, a building with an eclectic architecture from the beginning of the twentieth century. Its masonry domes and vault have paintings by renowned artists on their intrados and were strengthened in the 1970s. The adopted methodology was based on anamnesis, characterization and observation of the structure employing non-destructive tests, and on the assessment of its vulnerability by nonlinear analyses of calibrated numerical models. Several hypotheses of differential settlement under gravitational actions were investigated, seeking to reproduce the cracking pattern and to identify the causes of damage to the masonry domes and vault before the strengthening. The nonlinear analysis of the structure allowed to evaluate the causes of the observed damage, assess the level of safety, identify the most vulnerable parts, and characterize the collapse mechanisms, in addition to demonstrating the efficiency of the intervention measures adopted in the past.
“…A preservação do patrimônio e das construções históricas (CH) está condicionada à análise profunda da estrutura em diferentes aspectos, como geometria, características construtivas e propriedades dos materiais (BOSCATO et al, 2016) . Conhecer o estado de conservação dessas construções permite identificar os danos existentes, bem como a estratégia de intervenção mais adequada, uma vez que essas edificações podem apresentar heterogeneidade nos métodos construtivos, características estruturais e materiais utilizados (BRANDÃO et al, 2018;HANSEN et al, 2017;NETO;MARTINI;MESQUITA, 2017), complexidade geométrica, ausência de informações acerca dos materiais utilizados e do comportamento dos elementos que as constituem (ALMEIDA, 2013;SANTOS et al, 2016). Assim como os demais tipos de estruturas, as CH estão sujeitas a variados quadros de degradação, podendo essas variações serem causadas por ações antrópicas (alterações na edificação e no ambiente externo), eventos naturais (variações térmicas e ataques químicos) e ações dinâmicas, como vento e sismos (BRANDÃO et al, 2018).…”
Medidas de preservação do patrimônio histórico e manutenção das alvenarias tradicionais tornam necessária a análise da estrutura em diferentes aspectos, como geometria, características construtivas e propriedades dos materiais. Essas informações são essenciais na avaliação do estado de conservação dessas construções, detecção de problemas e definição da estratégia de intervenção. Um dos principais promotores da degradação nas estruturas de alvenarias tradicionais é a presença de água. A água pode penetrar, dentre outras formas, por meio de ascensão capilar a partir do solo ou superfícies úmidas, fenômeno mais conhecido como umidade ascensional e que pode comprometer desde a estética até a capacidade resistiva das estruturas. Nesse trabalho, foi utilizado o software WUFI-2D para se realizarem simulações numéricas para avaliar o comportamento higrotérmico de revestimentos argamassados de alvenarias tradicionais, tendo como referência construções históricas do estado do Ceará. Os resultados mostraram que os materiais dos revestimentos e alvenaria devem ser compatíveis quanto a permeabilidade de vapor dos materiais. A incompatibilidade de materiais torna o revestimento uma barreira impermeável que pode contribuir para uma ascensão de frente úmida de até 0,25m, considerando as condições climáticas do ambiente.
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