Dynamic changes in the functional anatomy of thehuman brain during recall of abstract designs related topractice

Petersson, Karl Magnus; Elfgren, Christina; Ingvar, Martin

doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(98)00152-3

Cited by 54 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…The elderly probably had difficulty suppressing task irrelevant input (such as scanner noise) (see also Amenedo andDiaz 1998, Meulenbroek et al, 2004). This idea is in line with studies investigating effects of attention on visual processing (Gisselgard et al, 2003, Petersson et al, 1999a,b, Rouleau and Belleville 1995, which showed that task-irrelevant processing can be suppressed by, for instance, deactivation of the auditory cortex. Hence, one might speculate that elderly participants have more difficulty focusing their attention on task-relevant visual input.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Age-effects on associative object–location memory

Meulenbroek¹,

Kessels²,

Rover³

et al. 2010

Brain Research

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Aging is accompanied by an impairment of associative memory. The medial temporal lobe and fronto-striatal network, both involved in associative memory, are known to decline functionally and structurally with age, leading to the so-called associative binding deficit and the resource deficit. Because the MTL and fronto-striatal network interact, they might also be able to support each other. We therefore employed an episodic memory task probing memory for sequences of object-location associations, where the demand on self-initiated processing was manipulated during encoding: either all the objects were visible simultaneously (rich environmental support) or every object became visible transiently (poor environmental support). Following the concept of resource deficit, we hypothesised that the elderly probably have difficulty using their declarative memory system when demands on self-initiated processing are high (poor environmental support). Our behavioural study showed that only the young use the rich environmental support in a systematic way, by placing the objects next to each other. With the task adapted for fMRI, we found that elderly showed stronger activity than young subjects during retrieval of environmentally richly encoded information in the basal ganglia, thalamus, left middle temporal/fusiform gyrus and right medial temporal lobe (MTL). These results indicate that rich environmental support leads to recruitment of the declarative memory system in addition to the fronto-striatal network in elderly, while the young use more posterior brain regions likely related to imagery. We propose that elderly try to solve the task by additional recruitment of stimulus-response associations, which might partly compensate their limited attentional resources.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Age-effects on associative object–location memory

Meulenbroek¹,

Kessels²,

Rover³

et al. 2010

Brain Research

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“…The observed reduced brain activity in the left frontal lobe following practice was putatively related to processing differences between high and low practice performance in verb generation. That experience alone may decrease brain activity in the left prefrontal cortex was highlighted by a recent PET study (Petersson et al, 1999) during the recall of abstract designs. Specifically, practice-related decreases were observed in the left lateral frontal cortex (BA 9, 10, and 46).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The role of age of acquisition and language usage in early, high‐proficient bilinguals: An fMRI study during verbal fluency

Perani

Abutalebi

Paulesu

et al. 2003

Human Brain Mapping

343

241

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Abstract:We assessed the effects of age of acquisition and language exposure on the cerebral correlates of lexical retrieval in high-proficient, early-acquisition bilinguals. Functional MRI was used to study Spanish-Catalan bilinguals who acquired either Spanish or Catalan as a first language in the first years of life. Subjects were exposed to the second language at 3 years of age, and have used both languages in daily life since then. Subjects had a comparable level of proficiency in the comprehension of both languages. Lexical retrieval with the verbal fluency task resulted in the well-established pattern of left hemispheric activation centered on the inferior frontal region. The effect of age of acquisition was assessed by dividing the subjects into two groups, on the basis of the language acquired first (Catalan-born or Spanish-born bilinguals). Functional comparisons indicated that less extensive brain activation was associated with lexical retrieval in the language acquired earlier in life. The two groups were also different in language usage/exposure, as assessed with a specific questionnaire; in particular, the exposure to the second language (Spanish) was less intensive in the case of Catalans. This was reflected in a significant interaction, indicating a more extensive activation in Catalans during production in Spanish. Overall, these results indicate that, during a production task, both age of acquisition and language exposure affect the pattern of brain activation in bilinguals, even if both languages are acquired early and with a comparable level of proficiency.

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“…This effect might be related to a deficit in suppressing irrelevant input like scanner noise in old age. Several studies investigating the neural correlates of attentional modulation of visual processing tasks found that task-irrelevant processing needs to be suppressed by deactivation of, for instance, the auditory cortex (Ghatan et al, 1998;Gisselgård et al, 2003;Petersson et al, 1999b;Shulman et al, 1997). Also, the relatively stronger activation of the anterior cingulate cortex in old subjects as compared to young (Figs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Age differences in neural correlates of route encoding and route recognition

et al. 2004

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Spatial memory deficits are core features of aging-related changes in cognitive abilities. The neural correlates of these deficits are largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the neural underpinnings of age-related differences in spatial memory by functional MRI using a navigational memory task with route encoding and route recognition conditions. We investigated 20 healthy young (18 -29 years old) and 20 healthy old adults (53 -78 years old) in a random effects analysis. Old subjects showed slightly poorer performance than young subjects. Compared to the control condition, route encoding and route recognition showed activation of the dorsal and ventral visual processing streams and the frontal eye fields in both groups of subjects. Compared to old adults, young subjects showed during route encoding stronger activations in the dorsal and the ventral visual processing stream (supramarginal gyrus and posterior fusiform/parahippocampal areas). In addition, young subjects showed weaker anterior parahippocampal activity during route recognition compared to the old group. In contrast, old compared to young subjects showed less suppressed activity in the left perisylvian region and the anterior cingulate cortex during route encoding. Our findings suggest that agerelated navigational memory deficits might be caused by less effective route encoding based on reduced posterior fusiform/parahippocampal and parietal functionality combined with diminished inhibition of perisylvian and anterior cingulate cortices correlated with less effective suppression of task-irrelevant information. In contrast, age differences in neural correlates of route recognition seem to be rather subtle. Old subjects might show a diminished familiarity signal during route recognition in the anterior parahippocampal region. D

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Dynamic changes in the functional anatomy of thehuman brain during recall of abstract designs related topractice

Cited by 54 publications

References 78 publications

Age-effects on associative object–location memory

Age-effects on associative object–location memory

The role of age of acquisition and language usage in early, high‐proficient bilinguals: An fMRI study during verbal fluency

Age differences in neural correlates of route encoding and route recognition

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