Dynamic behavior of natural rubber during large extensions

Harwood, J. A. C.; Schallamach, A.

doi:10.1002/app.1967.070111002

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Hence, after a strain reversal, the stress is overestimated, even though "strict" linearity has been demonstrated over the same range of strains without a reversal. 36,[51][52][53] In polymeric liquids there is an analogous phenomenon, [54][55][56] whereby the failure of constitutive equations (including nonlinear models) is seen for deformation histories involving a change in the sign of the strain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birefringence of Rubber during Creep and Recovery

Mott

Roland

1996

Macromolecules

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Measurements of creep and recovery of lightly cross-linked polybutadiene, carried out in both shear and compression geometries, reveal two deviations from the stress optical law: the birefringence increases during the constant stress creep, and the birefringence is not zero during the stress-free recovery. Most interestingly, the sign of the birefringence during recovery was found to be opposite to that during creep. This implies that the chain segments have a net orientation opposite to the macroscopic deformation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birefringence of Rubber during Creep and Recovery

Mott

Roland

1996

Macromolecules

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“…Harwood and Schallamach [23,24] made isochronal plots of data from constant-strain-ra te ex periments for a pure-gum vulcan izate of natural rubber. for a styre ne-buta di ene rubber.…”

Section: Pure-gum Vulcanizatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uniaxial extension and compression in stress-strain relations of rubber

Wood

1977

J. RES. NATL. BUR. STAN.

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A survey of ex pe rime ntal data fro m the lite rature in cases whe re the d e formation of a specime n is va ri ed co ntinuous ly from uniaxial compress ion to te ns il e d eformation s hows th a t Young's Modulus M, d efin ed as the limit of s tress to s train in the u ndeformed sta te, is ind ependent of the direc ti on of approach to the limit. The norma li zed stress-stra in re la ti o n o f Ma lt in , Roth , a nd Sti e hl e r (MRS, 1956) ) wh e re F is the s tress on the und e form e d section, L is the ex te ns ion rat io, a nd M and A a re consta nt s. Values of M a nd A a re obl

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“…Schallamach et al [9] and Harwood and Schallamach [10] examined the dynamic behavior of two different vulcanized elastomers, natural rubber and Acrylonitrile-Butadiene rubber (ABR) under strain cycling at various strain rates. The effect of amplitude, temperature, and frequency on the mechanical behavior of rubber under compressive loading was studied by McCallion and Davies [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of excitation amplitude on the characteristics of nonlinear butyl rubber isolators

2006

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The purpose of this study is to explore the advantages and characteristics of nonlinear butyl rubber (type IIR) isolators in vibratory shear by comparison with linear isolators. It is known that the mechanical properties of viscoelastic materials exhibit significant frequency and temperature dependence, and in some cases, nonlinear dynamic behavior as well. Nonlinear characteristics in shear deformation are reflected in mechanical properties such as stiffness and damping. Furthermore, even when the excitation amplitude is small the response amplitude may often be large enough that nonlinearities cannot be ignored. The treatment involves developing phenomenological models of the effective storage modulus and effective loss factor of a rubber isolator material as a function of excitation amplitude. The transmissibility of a nonlinear viscoelastic isolator is compared with that of a linear isolator using an equivalent linear damping coefficient. Forced resonance vibration and impedance tests are used to characterize nonlinear parameters and to measure the normalized transmissibility. It is found that as the excitation amplitude of the nonlinear viscoelastic isolator increases, the response amplitude decreases and the transmissibility is improved over that of the linear isolator for excitation frequency that exceeds a particular value governed by the temperature and excitation amplitude. The method of multiple scales and numerical simulations are used to predict the response characteristics of the isolator based on the phenomenological modeling under different values of system parameters.

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Dynamic behavior of natural rubber during large extensions

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

Birefringence of Rubber during Creep and Recovery

Birefringence of Rubber during Creep and Recovery

Uniaxial extension and compression in stress-strain relations of rubber

Influence of excitation amplitude on the characteristics of nonlinear butyl rubber isolators

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