Dynamic and equilibrium swelling of DVB-crosslinked polystyrene particles

Barr-Howell, Barbara D.; Peppas, Nikolaos A.

doi:10.1002/app.1985.070301206

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…From this table, the "n" for both hydrogels decrease with the increase of AN content. Barr-Howell and Peppas [17] reported that the increase of swelling degree of PS in different solvent caused by the decrease in crosslinking density resulting in an increase in the molecular weight between crosslinks (M c ). When we compare same compositions for unamidoximated and amidoximated hydrogels, the swelling degree values are increased although M c is constant resulting in an increase in "n".…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Amidoximation and Characterization of New Complexing Hydrogels Prepared From N-Vinyl 2-Pyrrolidone/Acrylonitrile Systems

Şahiner

Pekel

Akkas

et al. 2000

Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A

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Solutions, obtained from the mixture of different mole ratios of N-vinyl 2-pyrrolidone and acrylonitrile, were irradiated in a 60 Co-γ source to produce copolymers. The swelling percentage curves were formed, and a diffusion exponent was calculated. For the uranyl ion adsorption, these copolymers were reacted with hydroxylamine hydrochloride to convert C≡N groups to -C=N-OH (amidoxime) groups. The optimum amidoximation time was determined by uranyl ion adsorption. The structure of copolymers, before and after amidoximation, was analyzed with spectroscopic and thermal methods.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Amidoximation and Characterization of New Complexing Hydrogels Prepared From N-Vinyl 2-Pyrrolidone/Acrylonitrile Systems

Şahiner

Pekel

Akkas

et al. 2000

Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A

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“…59 For determining this parameter, the end-to-end distance in the freely jointed state is determined as (9) where l= 1.54A and the number of links, N=JcMc/M 0 and Jc= 2. The end-to-end distance in the unperturbed state is calculated through the characteristic ratio C" = I 0 (10)…”

Section: Network Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Super Water-Retainer Hydrogels: Crosslinked Acrylamide/Succinic Acid Copolymers

Saraydın

Karadağ

Güven

1997

Polym J

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“…1967). This method-or its inverse, measurement of weight loss from material saturated with solvent-has been applied to measure swelling of many other materials in addition to paint, mostly polymer networks of various types (Barr-Howell and Peppas 1985;Errede 1992;Byun et aI. 1996), including poly (vinyl chloride) Ranney 1995, 1996) and rubber (Gee 1942;Salomon and van Amerongen 1947;Scott and Magat 1949;Bristow and Watson 1958), as well as photographic gelatin Oohnsen 1996).…”

Section: The Swelling Of Artists' Paints In Organic Solvents Part 1mentioning

confidence: 98%

The Swelling of Artists' Paints in Organic Solvents. Part 1, a Simple Method for Measuring the In-Plane Swelling of Unsupported Paint Films

Phenix¹

2002

Journal of the American Institute for Conservation

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A simple method is presented for measuring the in-plane swelling of paint films when immersed in solvents. The method is a development of a .low-power microscopy approach first described in the 1960s, with improvements to the measurement aspect through the use of computer-based digital image analysis. Small fragments of paint (2-5 mm 2 ) from stock films of uniform thickness are immersed in the test solvent, and images of the samples are captured electronically at intervals from t = 0 until equilibrium swelling is reached. Image analysis software is used to measure change in the areas of the fragments over time, resulting in swelling curves of time vs. % change in area.The experimental method is described in detail, together with a discussion of key factors relevant to uncertainty in the results.The swelling behavior of· various paint films in ethanol and in some other common solvents is described.TITRE-Le gonflement des peintures d' artistes dans les. solvants organiques. 1ere partie: une methode simple pour mesurer Ie gonflement dans la plan pour les films de peinture non soutenus. RESUME-Une methode simple est presentee pour mesurer Ie gontlement dans Ie plan pour les films de peinture lorsqu'ils sont immerges dans des solvants. Cette methode est basee sur l'utilisation d'un microscope a faible grossissement, tel que decrite dans les annees 60, mais avec une fas:on amelioree pour obtenir des mesures grace a l'analyse d'images numeriques sur ordinateur. Des petits fragments de peinture mesurant entre 2 et 5 mm 2 et obtenus a partir de films d' epaisseur uniforme sont immerges dans Ie solvant choisi et des images des echantillons sont capturees electroniquement a intervalles reguliers jusqu'a ce qu'un equilibre soit atteint. Un logiciel d'analyse d'images est employe pour mesurer les changements progressifsdans la dimension des fragments, ayant pour resultat des courbes de gonflement des films comparant Ie temps ecoule au pourcentage de 'changement de dimension. La methode experimentale est decrite en details, ainsi que des facteurs importants concernant une certaine incertitude dans les resultats. Le gonflement particulier de plusieurs films de peinture dans l' ethanol et dans quelques autres solvants couramment utilises est decrit. TITULO-Dilataci6nen solventes organlcos de pigmentos para artista, Parte 1: Un metodo simple para medir la dilataci6n planar de peliculas de pintura sin soporte. RESUMEN-Se presenta un metodo simple para medir la dilataci6n planar de peliculas de pintura cuando son sumergidas en solventes. Este metodo surgi6 de una tecnica de microscopia de bajo poder descrita por primera vez en los afios 60,la que fue mejorada en los aspectos de medici6n por medio del analisis computarizado de imagenes digitales. Fragmentos pequefios de peliculas de pintura de 2-5 mm 2 de grosor uniforme son sumergidas en el solvente de prueba. Las imagenes electr6nicas son capturadas a intervalos de t = 0 hasta alcanzar el equilibrio de dilataci6n de las peliculas. Para medir los cambios que se producen en las are...

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Dynamic and equilibrium swelling of DVB-crosslinked polystyrene particles

Cited by 19 publications

References 1 publication

Amidoximation and Characterization of New Complexing Hydrogels Prepared From N-Vinyl 2-Pyrrolidone/Acrylonitrile Systems

Amidoximation and Characterization of New Complexing Hydrogels Prepared From N-Vinyl 2-Pyrrolidone/Acrylonitrile Systems

Super Water-Retainer Hydrogels: Crosslinked Acrylamide/Succinic Acid Copolymers

The Swelling of Artists' Paints in Organic Solvents. Part 1, a Simple Method for Measuring the In-Plane Swelling of Unsupported Paint Films

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