“…In the past few years, neural networks [1][2][3][4][5][6] have been a active topic owing to their wide applications in robot control [7], traditional Chinese medicine [8], biomedical image segmentation [9], scene text recognition [10], bearing fault diagnosis [11], image super-resolution [12], multimodal emotion recognition [13], bridge monitoring [14], and so on. Fractional calculus [15][16][17][18] is an effective instrument to characterize the hereditary and memory properties of various dynamical processes. In order to characterize the dynamical behavior of neurons more better, fractional calculus has been incorporated into neural networks to form fractional-order neural networks (FONNs).…”