“…An overview of singlevehicle/track modeling and its interaction analysis can be seen in (Knothe and Grassie, 1993;Popp et al, 1999;Zhai et al, 2009). Most of the existing models were used to deal with single-vehicle/track vertical interaction problems (Nielsen and Igeland, 1995;Fröhling, 1998;Oscarsson and Dahlberg, 1998;Sun and Dhanasekar, 2002;Lei and Mao, 2004;Cai et al, 2008), and a few were used to analyze lateral and vertical dynamical behavior (Zhai et al, 1996;Sun et al, 2003;Jin et al, 2006;Baeza and Ouyang, 2011;Xiao et al, 2011;Zhou and Shen, 2013). In addition, a few models for train/railway structure interactions were developed to investigate railway system dynamics (Yang and Wu, 2002;Xia et al, 2003;Tanabe et al, 2008;Ju and Li, 2011).…”