Dynamic Alterations of Serotonergic Metabolism and Receptors During Social Isolation of Low- and High-Active Mice

Rilke, Olaf; Freier, Dirk; Jähkel, M; Oehler, Jochen

doi:10.1016/s0091-3057(97)00509-1

Cited by 46 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…However, there is limited and mixed evidence that upregulation of 5-HT 2A receptors may occur in rodents in response to glucocorticoid administration (Kuroda, Mikuni, Ogawa, & Takahashi, 1992), which is of interest because hypercortisolemia invariably occurs in malnourished AN subjects. In addition, several stress paradigms decrease 5-HT metabolism and upregulate cortical 5-HT 2A receptors in rodents (Rilke, Freier, Jahkel, & Oehler, 1998;Stanford, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anxiolytic effects of acute tryptophan depletion in anorexia nervosa

Kaye

Barbarich

Putnam

et al. 2003

Intl J Eating Disorders

136

122

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anxiolytic effects of acute tryptophan depletion in anorexia nervosa

Kaye

Barbarich

Putnam

et al. 2003

Intl J Eating Disorders

136

122

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“…This requires that we reevaluate the orthodox assumption of a one-way causal route from brain to behavior. For instance, it is likely that many of the reported behavioral effects associated with biogenic amines hinge on the precise social (Berton et al, 1999;Ison et al, 1996;Yeh et al, 1997), genetic (Cases et al, 1995;Rilke et al, 1998;Yadid et al, 2000) and developmental (Ferris, 2000;Schenk et al, 1987) context in which they are expressed. Likewise, in both healthy and diseased states many amine modulated behaviors may obtain specificity through interactions with other aminergic and peptidergic systems (Bradwejn and Koszycki, 1991;Ferris and Delville, 1994;Jacobs and Fornal, 1999;Meguid et al, 2000;Sivam, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amine neurochemistry and aggression in crayfish

Panksepp

Yue

Drerup

et al. 2003

Microscopy Res & Technique

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A primary goal of our research is to explore proximate mechanisms important in recruiting adaptive social behaviors. For instance, if one of three different behaviors may be expressed in a particular set of circumstances, how do neurochemical mechanisms bias behavior towards the expression of one act in lieu of the other possibilities? In this article, we review recent results suggesting that serotonin may play such a role in the control of aggression in crayfish. First, we summarize techniques that have been optimized for sensitive characterization of neurochemical profiles in crayfish. Then, borrowing concepts from behavioral ecology, we review a framework for quantitative investigation, which regards behavior as a set of individual decisions, each with a particular probability for occurrence, a motivational context, and controlled by its own distinct neurochemical mechanisms.

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“…Valzelli and his coinvestigators (11) pioneered studies of SI-induced aggression in mice and concluded that this aggressiveness involves an impairment of 5-HT neurotransmission (11,12). This conclusion was supported by mouse knockout studies of the 5-HT transporter (3), and by other studies in which mice received selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which mitigate aggression in psychiatric patients (13,14) and reduce SI-induced aggression in mice (5, 6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In socially isolated mice, the reversal of brain allopregnanolone down-regulation mediates the anti-aggressive action of fluoxetine

Pinna¹,

Dong²,

Matsumoto³

et al. 2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

207

236

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Social isolation (SI) of male mice lasting >4 weeks is associated with aggression toward intruders and a down-regulation of brain allopregnanolone (Allo) content. SI of female mice fails to downregulate brain Allo content or to induce aggressiveness. Fluoxetine (Prozac in clinical use) is an S-and R-fluoxetine (FLX) mixture, which in mammals is metabolized into S-and R-norfluoxetine (NFLX). The S isomers of FLX and NFLX are more active than their respective R isomers in normalizing brain Allo down-regulation and in reducing the aggressiveness induced by SI. Thus, FLX stereospecifically reduces brain Allo down-regulation and the aggressiveness induced by SI, whereas serotonin (5-HT) uptake inhibition lacks stereospecificity. The doses of S-FLX and S-NFLX that reduce aggressiveness and Allo brain content down-regulation induced by SI are at least one order of magnitude lower than the doses that block 5-HT reuptake. Doses of imipramine that inhibit 5-HT uptake neither reduce aggressiveness nor normalize brain Allo downregulation. We conclude that Allo brain content normalization is a better candidate than 5-HT reuptake inhibition to explain the reduction of aggressiveness elicited by S-FLX and S-NFLX.A ggressive behavior and violence are included in the phenotypic expression of several central nervous system disorders (i.e., schizophrenia, premenstrual dysphoria, major manicdepressive illness, posttraumatic stress disorder, and epilepsy).Human and animal studies suggest that often a genetic component contributes to aggressive behavior. For example, the altered transcription of genes encoding for various serotonin (5-HT) receptor subtypes or for the 5-HT transporter has been implicated in the pathophysiology of violence and aggression in humans and other mammals (1-3). However, a Mendelian inheritance of these 5-HT neurotransmission dysregulations could not be demonstrated (4). Probably, epigenetic factors contribute to aggressive behavior.Social isolation (SI) of male mice for Ͼ4 weeks causes a syndrome characterized by anxiety, decreased susceptibility to barbiturates and other ␥-aminobutyric acid (GABA)mimetic drugs, and frequent severe attacks against an intruder mouse (5, 6). Socially isolated (SI) male mice also show a marked decrease of Allo brain content (5, 7) and a down-regulation of serotonergic neurotransmission (8-10).Valzelli and his coinvestigators (11) pioneered studies of SI-induced aggression in mice and concluded that this aggressiveness involves an impairment of 5-HT neurotransmission (11,12). This conclusion was supported by mouse knockout studies of the 5-HT transporter (3), and by other studies in which mice received selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which mitigate aggression in psychiatric patients (13,14) and reduce SI-induced aggression in mice (5, 6).In patients with major depression, the allopregnanolone (Allo) content of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is reduced, and this reduction is reversed by appropriate treatment with fluoxetine (FLX) or fluvoxamine (15). Interestingly, in depr...

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Dynamic Alterations of Serotonergic Metabolism and Receptors During Social Isolation of Low- and High-Active Mice

Cited by 46 publications

References 28 publications

Anxiolytic effects of acute tryptophan depletion in anorexia nervosa

Anxiolytic effects of acute tryptophan depletion in anorexia nervosa

Amine neurochemistry and aggression in crayfish

In socially isolated mice, the reversal of brain allopregnanolone down-regulation mediates the anti-aggressive action of fluoxetine

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