Dyeing of polyethylene terephthalate fibers with a disperse dye in supercritical carbon dioxide

Abstract

A 24 factorial design of experiments complemented with a central point was performed to examine the influence of operating factors on color strength and color fastness of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers dyed with the Disperse Orange 30 dye in supercritical CO2. The effects of temperature, pressure, dyeing time and mass ratio between the dye and PET introduced in the dyeing chamber ( α ratio) were considered. An additional set of kinetic results of color strength was obtained at the optimum condition in terms of pressure at the already presented temperatures and α ratios. A significant statistical effect of all the investigated factors on the color was observed, but except for the temperature, the influence of the same variables on wash fastness was negligible ( p < 0.05). The color results expressed in terms of K/ S from 2.4 to 21.8 revealed that the use of supercritical CO2 as a solvent for the dye is a rapid and reliable alternative procedure for dyeing of PET fibers with the Disperse Orange 30 dye. The results of wash fastness currently obtained (i.e. 4.69 ± 0.18) support the use of ScCO2.

Mechanism of Accelerant on Disperse Dyeing for PET Fiber in the Silicone Solvent Dyeing System

“…As a result, disperse dyeing in aqueous solutions brings about problems such as the assumption of a large amount of water and hazardous industrial effluents, leading to large energy and environmental challenges [3,4,5,6,7]. Therefore, much research is focused on non-aqueous systems for dyeing PET with disperse dye, such as the liquid paraffin dyeing system [8,9], supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing system [10,11,12], and organic solvent dyeing system [13,14,15].…”

Recent advances in supercritical fluid dyeing

“…35 Good coloration strength was obtained with K/S values of up to 17, 44 which is comparable with the best results obtainable for PET coloration, where K/S values of up to 20-26 can be obtained. 1,26,29 Excellent fastness properties were also obtained, and light fastness in particular was much higher in comparison with conventional aqueous dyeing with the same dyes. 44 The success of this series of dyes was explained by the formation of specific intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the dyes and the nylon functional groups.…”

“…29 The model revealed a statistically significant and positive effect of all factors on K/S, while only temperature had a positive and statistically important effect on wash fastness. 29 This suggests that while many "degrees of freedom" (eg the variation of temperature, pressure) are available to tune the colour intensity of textiles, to achieve an acceptable level of colour fastness only requires a certain temperature threshold to be crossed.…”

“…23 In the above-cited context, the academic research of recent years has often been conducted in cooperation with textile companies to improve the technology of the process, aimed at increasing the production efficiency. 1,4,13,[24][25][26][27][28] However, laboratory-scale investigations 18,[29][30][31][32] or simulation studies 33 aimed at disclosing other aspects of the process mechanism have also been conducted, as well as tests with natural or new synthetic dyestuffs. [34][35][36][37] 2.1 | Recent technological advances (2014- Table 1 provides an overview of some recent laboratory to industrial-scale prototypes and innovative technological solutions for SFD of PET.…”

A systematic study of dyeing polybutylene succinate fibres

“…PBS fibre is a hydrophobic fibre and its dyeing performance is currently similar to that of polyester (PET) in textile fibres. Therefore, it is understandable that researchers attempted to adopt disperse dyes commonly used in PET dyeing . Unfortunately, several scientific research teams have failed to dye PBS fibres with disperse dyes, despite many attempts having been made.…”