Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) as a potential photovoltaic technology for the self-powered internet of things (IoTs) applications

Aslam, Asad; Mehmood, Umer; Arshad, Muhammad Hamza; Ishfaq, Abdulrehman; Zaheer, Junaid; Khan, A. A.; Sufyan, Muhammad

doi:10.1016/j.solener.2020.07.029

Cited by 141 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…The diffusion of the oxidized material (I 3 − ) to the cathode surface completes the chain. [8][9][10][11][12] From 1991 to now, the production of alternate cell materials, such as photoanodes, counterelectrodes, electrolytes, and sensitizers, has led to considerable improvement in DSSC's efficiency. DSSC efficiencies increased from 7.12% in 1991 to 14.3% in 2015.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent developments in metal‐free organic sensitizers derived from carbazole, triphenylamine, and phenothiazine for dye‐sensitized solar cells

et al. 2021

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Summary In the present context of increasing population, renewable and sustainable energy alternatives are very much essential to satisfy the necessities of the world. To satisfy this growing demand, scientists are prioritizing the production of cost‐effective and high‐performance clean energy appliances. Dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are one such material that is at the forefront of modern solar cell technologies. Being one of the main components of DSSCs, metal‐free organic dyes play a crucial role in light processing and electron injection. In recent times, carbazole (CZ)‐, triphenylamine (TPA)‐, and phenothiazine (PTZ)‐based derivatives have been identified as suitable alternatives to Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes because they are easy to synthesize and exhibit excellent thermal and electronic properties. This review focuses largely on the latest developments in the use of monoanchored and multianchored CZ, TPA, and PTZ scaffolds for DSSC applications and focuses especially on the correlation between molecular design and photovoltaic performance. The physical properties of devices can be adjusted through the sensitizer's strategic design that helps to improve the performance of the devices. We tabulated the photovoltaic parameters corresponding to all dyes presented in this review. Also, applications of additives are presented after the systematic review on CZ‐, TPA‐, and PTZ‐based dyes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The holes are reduced by the I − /I 3 − redox pair, and the oxidized dye is then regenerated by the I − species to create the I 3 − species. The diffusion of the oxidized material (I 3 − ) to the cathode surface completes the chain 8‐12 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments in metal‐free organic sensitizers derived from carbazole, triphenylamine, and phenothiazine for dye‐sensitized solar cells

et al. 2021

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“…Some interesting modifications have also been conducted to improve the applicability feature of DSSCs, such as fabricating flexible DSSCs [11] or up-scaling DSSCs into module [12]- [14]. Moreover, DSSCs have been involved in smart technology application such as selfpowered IoTs [15] and building integrated photovoltaic application (BIPV) [16]. However, one of the recent attractive development of DSSCs researches is the switching of DSSCs structure from a sandwich to a monolithic.…”

Section: Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As one of the crucial components in DSSCs, electrolyte is an interesting topic to investigate due to its key role in both of sandwich and monolithic DSSCs, particularly related to the reliability and durability of the devices. When employing a liquid electrolyte, it is important to consider the containing ingredients such as organic solvent, redox couple, and an electric additive, which give a significant influence on the photovoltaic performance [14], [15].…”

Section: Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modifications of Liquid Electrolyte for Monolithic Dye-sensitized Solar Cells

Anggraini

Rosa

Nursam

et al. 2021

J. Elektron. dan Telekomun.

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Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) has been well known as a highly competitive photovoltaic technology owing to its interesting characteristics, such as, low-cost, simple, and convenient to modify both chemically and physically. One way to reduce the production cost of DSSCs is to conduct a structural modification in the form of a monolithic structure by using a single conductive substrate to accommodate both photoelectrode and counter electrode. However, the photovoltaic performance of monolithic DSSCs is typically still lacking compared to its conventional DSSCs counterparts that uses sandwich structure. One of the crucial factors that determine the photovoltaic performance of a monolithic DSSC is its electrolyte. In this work, the performance of monolithic DSSCs were studied through modifications of the electrolyte component. Two types of commercial liquid electrolytes that have different chemical properties were used and combined into various compositions, and the resulting DSSCs performances were compared. The stability of the monolithic cells was also monitored by measuring the cells repeatedly under the same condition. The result showed that during the first measurement the highest performance with a power conversion efficiency of 1.69% was achieved by the cell with a higher viscosity electrolyte. Meanwhile, the most stable performance is shown by the cell containing lower viscosity electrolyte, which achieved an efficiency of 0.66% that measured on day 35.

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“…This breakthrough invention has been extensively developed for the last 30 years by worldwide scientists (about 29,770 records of scientific articles may be found in databases). Due to many advantages, such as inexpensive manufacturing costs using non-toxic substrates and leaving a remarkably lower carbon footprint, as well as workability under indoor ambient light, DSSCs are a promising alternative to the other types of solar cells [ 7 ]. It is still worth developing a technology that uses renewable energy sources such as solar light from an ecological perspective.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Can the Introduction of Zr4+ Ions into TiO2 Nanomaterial Impact the DSSC Photoconversion Efficiency? A Comprehensive Theoretical and Experimental Consideration

et al. 2021

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A series of pure and doped TiO2 nanomaterials with different Zr4+ ions content have been synthesized by the simple sol-gel method. Both types of materials (nanopowders and nanofilms scratched off of the working electrode’s surface) have been characterized in detail by XRD, TEM, and Raman techniques. Inserting dopant ions into the TiO2 structure has resulted in inhibition of crystal growth and prevention of phase transformation. The role of Zr4+ ions in this process was explained by performing computer simulations. The three structures such as pure anatase, Zr-doped TiO2, and tetragonal ZrO2 have been investigated using density functional theory extended by Hubbard correction. The computational calculations correlate well with experimental results. Formation of defects and broadening of energy bandgap in defected Zr-doped materials have been confirmed. It turned out that the oxygen vacancies with substituting Zr4+ ions in TiO2 structure have a positive influence on the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells. The overall photoconversion efficiency enhancement up to 8.63% by introducing 3.7% Zr4+ ions into the TiO2 has been confirmed by I-V curves, EIS, and IPCE measurements. Such efficiency of DSSC utilizing the working electrode made by Zr4+ ions substituted into TiO2 material lattice has been for the first time reported.

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Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) as a potential photovoltaic technology for the self-powered internet of things (IoTs) applications

Cited by 141 publications

References 154 publications

Recent developments in metal‐free organic sensitizers derived from carbazole, triphenylamine, and phenothiazine for dye‐sensitized solar cells

Recent developments in metal‐free organic sensitizers derived from carbazole, triphenylamine, and phenothiazine for dye‐sensitized solar cells

Modifications of Liquid Electrolyte for Monolithic Dye-sensitized Solar Cells

How Can the Introduction of Zr4+ Ions into TiO2 Nanomaterial Impact the DSSC Photoconversion Efficiency? A Comprehensive Theoretical and Experimental Consideration

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