Dye-sensitized nanocrystalline solar cells

Peter, L. M.

doi:10.1039/b617073k

Cited by 359 publications

(286 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Different with previous reported EIS measurements in light illumination of photoanode performed with photoanode/electrolyte/CE system, EIS measurements in light illumination of CE was performed with CE/electrolyte/CE system. [43][44][45] EIS results shows that R s and R ct values of four CdS samples in light illumination were smaller that those without light illumination. In our opinion, light illumination promote the electron jump from the valence band to conduction band, and then increased the amount of electron in conduction band for exchange current between CdS samples and electrolyte molecules in space charge region.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Morphology–Property Effect and Synergetic Catalytic Effect of CdS as Electrocatalysts for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Yang

Tian

Zhang

et al. 2018

ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol.

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In this report, CdS nanoparticle, CdS nanorod, CdS nanorod grown on reduced graphene oxide (CdS nanorod/RGO) and CdS nanoparticle grown on reduced graphene oxide (CdS nanoparticle/RGO) have been synthesized by facile solvothermal method. In order to investigate the morphology-property effect and synergetic catalytic effect of CdS, the electrocatalytic property of four CdS samples are measured as counter electrodes (CEs) of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The better catalytic activity and electrical conductivity of CdS nanorod than CdS nanoparticle revealed the morphology-property effect. In addition, CdS/RGO composites exhibited much higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) than pure CdS, demonstrating the synergetic catalytic effect between CdS and RGO. Simultaneously, the PCE value (7.19%) of CdS nanorod/RGO is highest among four CdS samples, which is even comparable to the conventional platinum CE (7.30%). Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have attracted tremendous attention in the past two decades, 1,2 due to their high efficiency, lowcost fabrication and environmentally-friendly feature. 3,4 As the crucial component of DSSCs, counter electrode (CE) is in charge of transferring electron and catalyzing the reduction of I 3 − to I − . 5,6 Aiming to reach high performance, CE materials should possess a low sheet resistance, good chemical stability and high catalytic activity toward the CE reduction reaction. 7,8 Platinum (Pt), the conventional CE material, has remarkably high conductivity and efficiently catalyzes the reduction of I 3 − to I − . 9 However, large-scale commercial application of Pt CE in DSSCs is seriously hindered by the high cost and low abundance of Pt. 10,11 In addition, iodine-based electrolyte can easily corrode Pt to PtI 4 and H 2 PtI 6 , worsening the CE performance and raising the cost of DSSC. 12,13 In this regard, it is highly necessary to develop Pt-free and low-cost CE materials with high catalytic activity, electrical conductivity and good chemical stability. 14,15 Among the various CE materials, due to the outstanding charge transfer and catalytic activity, transition metal chalcogenides (TMCs) have presented good electrocatalytic performance for the triiodide reduction and can be a potential material as CEs. [16][17][18] The distinctive electronegativity, valence bond, as well as outer electrons of metal and chalcogens resulted in the specific catalytic activity and electrical conductivity of TMCs. 19 Tang's group has reported that metal selenide alloy CEs highlighted their potential application in robust bifacial DSSCs. [20][21][22] Recently, our previous work has demonstrated the superior catalytic activity, high chemical stability and excellent power conversion efficiency of Bi 2 S 3 , NiSe 2 , Ni 0.85 Se, NiSe-Ni 3 Se 2 , and In 2 S 3 , in addition, we also investigated their morphology-property effect and synergetic catalytic effect in DSSC system. 19,[23][24][25][26][27][28] Cadmium sulfide (CdS), an important TMCs with a bandgap (E g ) of 2.42 eV, has drawn enormous at...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Morphology–Property Effect and Synergetic Catalytic Effect of CdS as Electrocatalysts for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Yang

Tian

Zhang

et al. 2018

ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol.

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“…The IPCE of the DSCs at U op were therefore estimated by measuring the photocell IPCE under short-circuit conditions. We then supposed the linearity of the DSCs over illumination power along with the uniform scaling of the IPCE (l) at different potentials 16 and renormalized the IPCE to match the calculated currents, J v , with the current predicted by the overlapping of the IV curves, J op , to account for the difference of the operating potential and the short-circuit measurement conditions. Finally, the IPCEs and transmittances were compared in each case to fully understand the limitations of the studied architecture and propose routes for optimization.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining architectures of photoanode–photovoltaic tandem cells for solar water splitting

et al. 2010

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Given the limitations of the materials available for photoelectrochemical water splitting, a multiphoton (tandem) approach is required to convert solar energy into hydrogen efficiently and durably. Here we investigate a promising system consisting of a hematite photoanode in combination with dye-sensitized solar cells with newly developed organic dyes, such as the squaraine dye, which permit new configurations of this tandem system. Three configurations were investigated: two side-by-side dye cells behind a semitransparent hematite photoanode, two semitransparent dye sensitized solar cells (DSCs) in front of the hematite, and a trilevel hematite/DSC/DSC architecture. Based on the current-voltage curves of state-of-the-art devices made in our laboratories, we found the trilevel tandem architecture (hematite/SQ1 dye/N749 dye) produces the highest operating current density and thus the highest expected solar-to-hydrogen efficiency (1.36% compared with 1.16% with the standard back DSC case and 0.76% for the front DSC case). Further investigation into the wavelength-dependent quantum efficiency of each component revealed that in each case photons lost as a result of scattering and reflection reduce the performance from the expected 3.3% based on the nanostructured hematite photoanodes. We further suggest avenues for the improvement of each configuration from both the DSC and the photoanode parts.

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“…[8][9][10][11] In one architecture, energy relay dyes (ERDs) absorb high-energy photons and transfer energy via Förster resonant energy transfer to the sensitizing dyes. [3][4][5]12 ERDs can both increase and broaden light absorption for the same film thickness in DSCs by increasing the overall dye loading.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Excitation Transfer Efficiency from Energy Relay Dyes in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

et al. 2010

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The energy relay dye, 4-(Dicyanomethylene)-2-methyl-6-(4-dimethylaminostyryl)-4H-pyran (DCM), was used with a nearinfrared sensitizing dye, TT1, to increase the overall power conversion efficiency of a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) from 3.5% to 4.5%. The unattached DCM dyes exhibit an average excitation transfer efficiency (ĒTE) of 96% inside TT1-covered, mesostructured TiO 2 films. Further performance increases were limited by the solubility of DCM in an acetonitrile based electrolyte. This demonstration shows that energy relay dyes can be efficiently implemented in optimized dye-sensitized solar cells, but also highlights the need to design highly soluble energy relay dyes with high molar extinction coefficients.KEYWORDS Solar cell, energy transfer, dye-sensitized dolar cell, energy relay dye, titania L ong range energy transfer has recently been used to increase light harvesting 1-7 inside of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). [8][9][10][11] In one architecture, energy relay dyes (ERDs) absorb high-energy photons and transfer energy via Förster resonant energy transfer to the sensitizing dyes. [3][4][5]12 ERDs can both increase and broaden light absorption for the same film thickness in DSCs by increasing the overall dye loading. Because ERDs have a fundamentally different function and design rules than the sensitizing dyes, this architecture greatly expands the range of dyes that can be used in DSCs. In order for energy relay dyes (ERDs) to be used in state-of-the-art dye-sensitized solar cells, the excited ERDs must be able to efficiently transfer energy to the sensitizing dyes. Conventional DSCs are already efficient at absorbing visible light and collecting charges and can achieve external quantum efficiencies (EQE) of 85% at peak absorption. 13 The EQE contribution from the sensitizing dye is determined by the fraction of light absorbed by the sensitizing dye and the internal quantum efficiency (IQE). DSCs have high internal quantum efficiencies (>90%) [14][15][16] and in portions of the visible spectrum can absorb >90% of the light.When photons are absorbed by the energy relay dye in ERD DSCs, they must undergo an additional energy transfer step before contributing to photocurrent; the EQE contribution from the relay dye (EQE ERD ) is thus defined by eq 1, where η ABS,ERD is the fraction of light absorbed by the ERD inside of the titania film and ETE is the average excitation transfer efficiency, or the average probability that an excited relay dye transfers its energy to a sensitizing dye. In order for ERDs to be viable in DSCs, excitation transfer efficiencies of over 90% are required to achieve a peak EQE of 85%.In our first report, only a minimum bound ETE of 46% could be estimated because of the uncertainty in determining η ABS,ERD due to light scattering caused by large TiO 2 nanoparticles and the inability to accurately measure the concentration of the dye because of rapid evaporation of the chloroform electrolyte during the electrolyte filling process. 4 In this report, the ETE is quan...

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Dye-sensitized nanocrystalline solar cells

Cited by 359 publications

References 73 publications

The Morphology–Property Effect and Synergetic Catalytic Effect of CdS as Electrocatalysts for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

The Morphology–Property Effect and Synergetic Catalytic Effect of CdS as Electrocatalysts for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Examining architectures of photoanode–photovoltaic tandem cells for solar water splitting

High Excitation Transfer Efficiency from Energy Relay Dyes in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

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