Dye degradation and bacterial disinfection using multicatalytic BaZr_0.02Ti_0.98O₃ ceramics

Abstract

The piezocatalytic, photocatalytic, and piezo‐photocatalytic properties of BaZr0.02Ti0.98O3 (BZT) were examined for degradation of organic dyes and killing of bacteria present in the wastewater. Poled and unpoled powder samples were investigated using rhodamine‐B (RB), methyl orange (MO) dyes, and gram‐negative Escherichia coli in simulated water. The poled BZT sample demonstrated significant degradation of RB and MO dyes as compared to the unpoled BZT sample during piezocatalytic, photocatalytic, and piezo‐photocatalytic experiments. Moreover, ultrasonication‐induced piezocatalysis was found to be more effective than stirring in dye degradation using the poled BZT sample. Also, the piezo‐photocatalysis through poled BZT sample (using ultrasonication and ultraviolet (UV) light) was found to be more effective in dye degradation than that of only piezocatalysis and only photocatalysis. During antibacterial testing, the poled BZT sample showed nearly 90% and 100% bacterial killing under UV light and ultrasonication, respectively,, whereas the unpoled BZT sample showed only ~5% and ~35% bacterial killing. The significant enhancement in dye degradation and bacterial killing using the poled sample explicitly indicated the role of internal electric field in multicatalytic activities.

Recent Advances in Pyroelectric Materials and Applications

“…Finally, in addition to further developing the reported various applications so far, the potentially related application fields can also be expanded according to the properties of pyroelectric materials, such as medical health monitoring, the night vision device, controllable deicing of equipment surface, electrochemical effect of pyroelectric materials for converting CO 2 into CH 4 , simultaneous monitoring and elimination of indoor methanal gas, etc, which are all closely related to the sustainable development of green energy and environmental. It is believed that pyroelectric PZT [1] Microwire Power generation PZT [18] Nanosheet Hydrogen generation PZT [105] Film Power generation Black [17] phosphorene Nanosheet Hydrogen generation ZnO [41] Nanowire Power generation BST [19] Nanoparticle Hydrogen generation PVDF [109] Film Power generation CdS [20] Nanorod Hydrogen generation PVDF [108] Nanofiber Power generation PVDF/PZT [125] Film Hydrogen generation BaTiO 3 [55] Ceramic Power generation NaNbO 3 [24] Nanorod/sheet/cube Dye degradation PZT [1] Microwire Temperature sensor NaNbO 3 [22] Nanofiber Dye degradation PMN-PT [109] Ribbon Temperature sensor BaTiO 3 [125] Nanowire Dye degradation BaTiO 3 [52] Ceramic Temperature sensor BST [129] Nanoparticle Dye degradation ZnO [13] Nanowire IR photodetector BZT [27] Ceramic Dye degradation ZnO [11] Nanowire UV photodetector LiNbO 3 [25] Nanoparticle Sterilization BiFeO 3 [14] Ceramic UV photodetector LiTaO 3 [25] Nanoparticle Sterilization P(VDF-TrFE) [116] Film Thermal imaging BZT [27] ceramic Sterilization LiNbO 3 [112] Crystal Bolometer PVDF [6] Film Temperature management Reproduced with permission. [27] Copyright 2020, American Chemical Society.…”

“…Additionally, some pyroelectric materials with ferroelectric property, such as BaZr 0.02 Ti 0.98 O 3 (BZT) ceramic, can also be used for killing bacteria and organic dye decomposition based on photocatalytic and piezoelectric effect. [27] As shown in Figure 16a, under UV illumination for 90 min, the unpoled BZT ceramic has no obvious effect on bacteria survival, while the poled BZT ceramic exhibits a high bacterial killing rate of 95%, which attributes to the catalytic reaction of UV light-induced charge separation on surface. Based on ultrasonication-induced piezo-catalysis, the survival rate of E. coli under different catalysis time is illustrated in Figure 16b, we can see that the bacterial mortality rate is almost 100% based on poled BZT ceramic after 90 min of piezocatalysis, and while the unpoled BZT ceramic shows lower bacteria killing rate of 35%.…”

“…Based on the excellent electrical property and reasonable design, pyroelectric materials show huge application potential in thermal energy harvesting, [6][7][8][9][10] UV and IR lightdetecting, [11][12][13][14][15] hydrogen generation, [16][17][18][19][20] dye degradation, [21][22][23][24] sterilization and disinfection. [25][26][27] As one important subclass of piezoelectric materials, pyroelectric materials have caused increasing attention owing to the unique pyroelectric effect induced by spontaneous polarization, showing broad promising application prospects due to various electrical responses induced by time-dependent temperature variation. This review systematically introduces the pyroelectric effect and evaluation of pyroelectric materials and follows by analyzing and concluding the novel properties corresponding to four kinds of main pyroelectric materials.…”

Piezo/pyro/photo‐catalysis activities in Ba0.85Ca0.15(Ti0.9Zr0.1)1‐xFexO3 ceramics

“…6,7 Piezocatalysis is one of the emerging fields where piezoelectric materials participate in catalytic reactions for organic pollutant degradations. [8][9][10][11] This is a kind of coupling among mechanical-electrical-chemical fields and was observed particularly in non-centrosymmetric semiconductors. Researchers have reported various traditional piezoelectric materials such as BaTiO 3 , ZnO, Ba 0.5 Sr 0.5 TiO 3 , LiNbO 3 , BiFeO 3 , KNbO 3 , NaNbO 3 , MoS 2 , and LiTaO 3 for piezocatalysis applications.…”

Effect of poling on piezocatalytic removal of muti‐pollutants using BaTiO3

“…5 Some of the unexplored issues are quantitative role of piezoelectric nature, role of semiconductor nature, and effectiveness of piezocatalytic for degradation of various organic pollutant such as bacterial cell, dyes, pharmaceuticals etc. [10][11][12] Most of the recent studies have reported piezocatalysis using BaTiO 3 , Sr 0.7 Ba 0.3 Nb 2 O 6 , Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 , LiNbO 3 , K 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3 , Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3, Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 , Ba 0.85 Ca 0.85 Ti 0.90 Zr 0.10 O 3 (BCZTO), and ZnO. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Among these, BaTiO 3 is the simplest, traditional, and important ferroelctric ceramics.…”