DXA Performance in a Pediatric Population: Precision of Body Composition Measurements in Healthy Term-Born Infants Using Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry

Knegt, Victoria Elizabeth de; Carlsen, Emma Malchau; Jensen, Jens–Erik Beck; Rasmussen, Anne Mette L.; Pryds, Ole

doi:10.1016/j.jocd.2014.08.004

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…DXA is an established method for body composition assessment that effectively characterizes lean and fat volume and bone mineral density both in rodents and humans (19)(20)(21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of body composition in Wistar rat offspring by DXA in relation to prenatal and postnatal nutritional manipulation

et al. 2016

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“…DXA is an established method for body composition assessment that effectively characterizes lean and fat volume and bone mineral density both in rodents and humans (19)(20)(21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of body composition in Wistar rat offspring by DXA in relation to prenatal and postnatal nutritional manipulation

et al. 2016

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“…44 Potential measurement issues at birth relate to rapid shifts in fluid volume and body composition that can occur in the weeks after birth. 45 Therefore, newborn DXA scans were performed at approximately one month postnatal age.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike many of the previous studies of newborn adiposity that have relied on proxy indicators such as ponderal index (that provide indirect estimates of fat mass and correlate only moderately with measures of adiposity 59 ), we used newborn DXA imaging to directly obtain reliable measures of newborn body composition. 44,60 …”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective association of fetal liver blood flow at 30 weeks gestation with newborn adiposity

Ikenoue

Waffarn

Ohashi

et al. 2017

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Background The production of variation in adipose tissue accretion represents a key fetal adaptation to energy substrate availability during gestation. Because umbilical venous blood transports nutrient substrate from the maternal to the fetal compartment, and the fetal liver is the primary organ where nutrient inter-conversion occurs, it has been proposed that variations in the relative distribution of umbilical venous blood flow shunting either through ductus venosus or perfusing the fetal liver represents a mechanism underlying this adaptation. Objective The objective of the present study was to determine whether fetal liver blood flow assessed before the period of maximal fetal fat deposition (i.e., the third trimester of gestation) is prospectively associated with newborn adiposity. Study design A prospective study was conducted in a cohort of 62 uncomplicated singleton pregnancies. Fetal ultrasonography was performed at 30 weeks gestation for conventional fetal biometry and characterization of fetal liver blood flow (fLBF; quantified by subtracting ductus venosus flow from umbilical vein flow). Newborn body fat percentage was quantified by Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) imaging at 25.8 ± 3.3 (mean ± SEM) postnatal days. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the proportion of variation in newborn body fat percentage explained by fLBF. Potential confounding factors included maternal age, parity, pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI), gestational weight gain, gestational age at birth, infant sex, postnatal age at DXA scan, and mode of infant feeding. Results Newborn body fat percentage was 13.5 ± 2.4% (mean ± SEM). fLBF at 30 weeks gestation was significantly and positively associated with newborn total fat mass (r = 0.397, p < 0.001) and body fat percentage (r = 0.369, p = 0.004), but not with lean mass (r = 0.100, p = 0.441). After accounting for the effects of covariates, fLBF explained 13.5% of the variance in newborn fat mass. The magnitude of this association was particularly pronounced in non-overweight/non-obese mothers (ppBMI <25, n = 36), in whom fLBF explained 24.4% of the variation in newborn body fat percentage. Conclusions fLBF at the beginning of the third trimester of gestation is positively associated with newborn adiposity, particularly among non-overweight/non-obese mothers. This finding supports the role of fLBF as a putative fetal adaptation underlying variation in adipose tissue accretion.

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“…A DEXA scan is conducted before 72 h post birth for the newborn and the parents. The method is validated in the newborn [ 34 ]. The infants will be weighed recumbent (Seca 727, digital baby scales, Seca, Hamburg, Germany), and their length and head circumference are measured with a measuring tape according to World Health Organization guidelines.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of probiotics (Vivomixx®) in obese pregnant women and their newborn: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Halkjær

Nilas

Carlsen

et al. 2016

Trials

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BackgroundMaternal obesity is associated with increased risks of adverse pregnancy-related complications and outcomes for both mothers and infants. Overweight and obese women have an increased risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension, preeclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Infant Body Mass index (BMI) and the risk of obesity in adulthood are related to maternal gestational weight gain (GWG). Preventive lifestyle and dietary interventions are time-consuming and do not always reduce GWG or the risk of maternal pregnancy complications. Recent research has indicated that the gut microbiota may play a significant role in the development of obesity. Some studies have indicated that the daily consumption of probiotics may reduce the risk of preeclampsia, maintain serum insulin levels and reduce the frequency of GDM in pregnant women. The aims of this study are to investigate whether daily probiotic supplements in obese women during pregnancy can limit gestational weight gain, improve glucose homeostasis and thereby improve maternal, fetal and infant health outcomes.MethodsA pilot study including 50 obese pregnant nulliparous women with a prepregnancy BMI of between 30 and 35 kg/m2 will be randomized to receive daily probiotics (four capsules of Vivomixx®; total of 450 billion CFU/day, including eight probiotic bacterial strains) or placebo from gestational age 14–20 weeks until delivery. The infants will be followed until 9 months of age. The women will be monitored by weight, blood, fecal, vaginal and urine samples, diet questionnaires and hospital record review. Primary outcomes are: maternal weight gain, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level and changes in glucose concentration measured during an oral glucose tolerance test. Secondary outcomes are: microbiota and inflammatory markers in mother and child, pregnancy complications, pregnancy outcomes, physical activity and the body composition of the neonate.DiscussionWe expect to find alterations in the metabolic profiles, microbiota and possibly pregnancy outcomes. From a clinical point of view the effects of Vivomixx® could control weight gain and reduce complications during pregnancy by inducing changes in the gut microbiota. Furthermore, this intervention during pregnancy could influence the infant’s microbiota, which could have important implications for infant development and health.Trial registrationClincalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02508844, registered on 11 May 2015.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13063-016-1617-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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DXA Performance in a Pediatric Population: Precision of Body Composition Measurements in Healthy Term-Born Infants Using Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry

Cited by 19 publications

References 19 publications

Assessment of body composition in Wistar rat offspring by DXA in relation to prenatal and postnatal nutritional manipulation

Assessment of body composition in Wistar rat offspring by DXA in relation to prenatal and postnatal nutritional manipulation

Prospective association of fetal liver blood flow at 30 weeks gestation with newborn adiposity

Effects of probiotics (Vivomixx®) in obese pregnant women and their newborn: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

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