DXA for bone density measurement in small rats weighing 150–250 grams

Lu, P W; Briody, JN; Howman‐Giles, Robert; Trube, Angelika; Cowell, CT

doi:10.1016/8756-3282(94)90708-0

Cited by 45 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…If the measurements were performed at a scan speed of 10 mm/second the CV was still on the same level, however, the altered scan parameters introduced severe problems with the accuracy for measurements of BMD because of problems with calculation of the bone area. The CV for DXA in normal rats of the present study was at the same level as in previous studies [7,8,12,13,16,17]. No previous studies have evaluated the precision for DXA in rats with a bone density as low as in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…The accuracy for the application of DXA in rats has previously been evaluated by several other investigators for measurements in, respectively, the lumbar spine [5,11,15,17], total body [11,12,14], and femur [7,8,12,[16][17][18]. In all studies it was concluded that the accuracy was excellent and R 2 -values between 58% and 99% were found.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The accuracy problems for measurements in the low density group were confirmed when the total body scans were related to ash weight of femurs and when scans were repeated at 10 mm/second (pixel size 1.0 × 1.0 mm). Previous studies [7,12] have shown that precise and accurate measurements of rat total body bone mineral are possible with DXA, and using a densitometer (Hologic QDR 1000) equipped with a standard collimator (2.3 mm diameter) Casez et al [14] documented that precise and accurate DXA measurements can be performed also in small rats with low density if a sufficient scan resolution is used. In the present study the precision for DXA of the lumbar spine again showed to be better in normal density rats compared with low density rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In several studies, the reliability of DXA measurements of tiny rat bones have been evaluated in studies using adult rats with normal bone density [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. However, methodological studies evaluating the feasibility of DXA in small, young animals with low BMD have previously only been performed in few studies [14][15][16].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry in Small Rats with Low Bone Mineral Density

et al. 2000

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The feasibility of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) using the Norland XR-26 Mark II bone densitometer for measurements of bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) in small rats was evaluated. Thirty-two young, isogenic, Lewis rats (weights from 119 g to 227 g) were used; normal rats (n = 7) and rats with low BMD obtained from three different vitamin D-depleted models (n = 25). DXA measurements were performed using the special software for small animals. Duplicate scans of excised femurs performed at 2 mm/second (pixel size of 0.5 mm x 0.5 mm) were very precise measurements with a coefficient of variation (CV) below 1.6% in animals with normal BMD; in rats with low BMD, the CV was significantly higher (P = 0.02-0.04), 7.8% and 4.4% for BMC and BMD, respectively. Regression analysis demonstrated that these measurements were related to the ash weight (R2 > 98.6%). The CV for measurements of the lumbar spine at 10 mm/second (pixel size 0.5 mm x 0.5 mm) was 2.6% and 2.2% for BMC and BMD, respectively in rats with normal BMD, and again higher (P = 0.03-0.14) in rats with low BMD, 7.3% and 4.7%, respectively, for BMC and BMD. Even though low CVs were obtained for total body duplicate scans (scan speed of 20 mm/second and a pixel size of 1.5 mm x 1.5 mm), the measurements were problematic for accuracy because of an overestimation of both BMC and the area of bone. Using these scan parameters the measurements of total body bone mineral could not be recommended in small rats with low BMD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry in Small Rats with Low Bone Mineral Density

et al. 2000

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“…BMD scans were performed with the tibia orientated in the anteroposterior (AP) and lateral projections, using software specifically designed for measurement in small animals 12 (LUNAR DPX Small Animal Software, 1.0c LUNAR; Radiation Corporations). The 'HiRes < 0.5 kg Slow' scan mode was used with 'Fine' collimation, a sample size of 0.6 ϫ 1.2 mm, and a sample interval of 1/16.…”

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confidence: 99%

Intravenous pamidronate reduces osteoporosis and improves formation of the regenerate during distraction osteogenesis

Little

Cornell²,

Briody³

et al. 2001

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume

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W e examined the effect on bone mineral density (BMD) of a single dose of 3 mg/kg of the bisphosphonate, pamidronate (Novartis) in distraction osteogenesis in immature rabbits.Seventeen rabbits (9 control, 8 given pamidronate) were examined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. There was a significant increase in the BMD in the pamidronate group compared with the control animals. The mean areal BMD (g/cm 2 ) in the bone proximal and distal to the regenerate was increased by 40% and 39%, respectively, compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The BMD of the regenerate bone was increased by a mean of 43% (p < 0.05). There was an increase of 22% in the mean area of regenerate formed in the pamidronate group (p < 0.05).Histological examination of bone in nine rabbits (5 control, 4 pamidronate) showed an increase in osteoblastic rimming and mineralisation of the regenerate, increased formation of bone around the pin sites and an increase in the cortical width of the bone adjacent to the regenerate in the rabbits given pamidronate.Pamidronate had a markedly positive effect. It reduced the disuse osteoporosis normally associated with lengthening using an external fixator and increased the amount and density of the regenerate bone. Further study is required to examine the mechanical properties of the regenerate after the administration of pamidronate.

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Assessment of spine bone mineral density in ovariectomized rats using DXA

Yamauchi

Kushida

Yamazaki

et al. 1995

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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Measurements of lumbar spine (L1-L6) bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) of Wistar rats were obtained by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) (QDR-1000W, Hologic Inc., Waltham, MA) to estimate reproducibility and investigate age-related changes. In addition we evaluated the accuracy of the technique in female rats. The coefficients of variation (CV) for spine BMD measurements were found to range from 0.73-1.04 in vivo and from 0.36-1.56 in vitro. The in vitro measurements were performed in a 3 cm deep water bath to stimulate an equivalent tissue thickness. Spine BMC, measured in vivo and in vitro correlated closely with the subsequently determined ash weights (r2 = 0.87 and 0.97, respectively). We examined age-related spine BMD by DXA. A relatively constant increase in spine BMD was observed from 6 weeks to 22 weeks; spine BMD remained stable between 22 and 58 weeks. No peak was observed in spine BMD. To evaluate the effect of estrogen deficiency on animals of different ages, we measured spine BMD weekly in female rats subjected to ovariectomy (OVX) or sham operation at 8 and 23 weeks of age. The spine BMDs in each OVX rat were significantly lower than that of the controls. In the 23-week-old rats, bone loss was quite rapid for the first 3 weeks of observation and stable afterward. The BMD of 8-week-old OVX rats increased with body size. We conclude that DXA allows the observation of age-related changes in the spine BMD of rats with great precision.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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DXA for bone density measurement in small rats weighing 150–250 grams

Cited by 45 publications

References 8 publications

Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry in Small Rats with Low Bone Mineral Density

Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry in Small Rats with Low Bone Mineral Density

Intravenous pamidronate reduces osteoporosis and improves formation of the regenerate during distraction osteogenesis

Assessment of spine bone mineral density in ovariectomized rats using DXA

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