“…The vertebrate homologues of DVL have also been implicated in essential cellular processes such as proliferation, migration, development, differentiation, and polarity establishment (Klingensmith et al, 1996; Pizzuti et al, 1996). DVLs relay cellular signals through both the canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling pathways (Paclíková et al, 2021) in addition to signaling pathways such as GSK3β (Hajka et al, 2021), RYK (Lu et al, 2004), polar cell polarity/calcium signaling (Clevers and Nusse, 2012), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTor) (Cai et al, 2006; Caliskan et al, 2023; Mak et al, 2005). DVL signaling is critical to vertebral development (Gray et al, 2009; Na et al, 2007; Tadjuidje et al, 2011).…”