Dust Event in the Gobi Desert on 22-23 May 2013: Transport of Dust from the Atmospheric Boundary Layer to the Free Troposphere by a Cold Front

Kawai, Kei; Kai, Kenji; Jin, Yoshitaka; Sugimoto, Naoki; Batdorj, Dashdondog

doi:10.2151/sola.2015-035

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Here, dust is often raised from the surface by strong easterly winds from the eastern corridor and then lifted to the upper troposphere along the slope of the high mountains (Kai et al, 2008;Tsunematsu, 2005;Uno et al, 2005;Yumimoto et al, 2009). In the Gobi Desert, dust events are commonly linked to the passage of a cold front (Hayasaki et al, 2006;Takemi & Seino, 2005), which can lead to the transport of dust to higher altitudes by ascending warm air (Hara et al, 2009;Kawai et al, 2015Kawai et al, , 2018. This transport of Asian dust to higher altitudes implies its high potential to be transported into low-temperature regions and to act there as INPs.…”

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This phenomenon is probably related to the high altitudes of Asian dust source regions (Wiacek et al, 2010). The upward transport of dust by cold frontal systems (Hara et al, 2009;Kawai et al, 2015Kawai et al, , 2018) that frequently pass over the Gobi Desert in spring (Hayasaki et al, 2006;Takemi & Seino, 2005) would also transport Asian dust to higher altitudes.…”

Section: Spatial Distribution Of Asian Dustmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Potential of Asian Dust to Act as Ice Nucleating Particles in Mixed‐Phase Clouds Simulated With a Global Aerosol‐Climate Model

2021

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Mineral dust affects the microphysical and radiative properties of mixed‐phase clouds and hence the radiative balance of the Earth by acting as ice nucleating particles (INPs). However, the importance of Asian dust as INPs is not well understood. In this study, we examined the contribution of Asian dust to global dust INPs and its effect on cloud radiative forcing (CRF) using a global aerosol‐climate model with an ice nucleation parameterization that links INP number concentrations to ambient temperature and dust number concentrations. Our model well reproduces INP number concentrations measured over the Tokyo Metropolitan area in Japan during May 2017, when Asian dust was transported to Japan. Our simulation for the years 2013–2017 shows that Asian dust extends from its source regions (e.g., the Gobi and Taklimakan Deserts) to the North Pacific, North America, and the Arctic. Notably, Asian dust is transported to higher altitudes (i.e., to temperature regimes relevant for the formation of mixed‐phase clouds) more efficiently than dust from other regions. The annual‐mean simulated contribution of Asian dust to global dust INPs is 15%, which is 4.4 times higher than its contribution to global atmospheric dust loading (3.4%). These characteristics of Asian dust show its high potential to act as INPs in mixed‐phase clouds. Sensitivity simulations show that Asian dust INPs have a positive net CRF of 0.054–0.19 W m−2 in East Asia and the North Pacific during 2013–2017 (cf. 0.092–1.0 W m−2 for dust from other regions).

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Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spatial Distribution Of Asian Dustmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Potential of Asian Dust to Act as Ice Nucleating Particles in Mixed‐Phase Clouds Simulated With a Global Aerosol‐Climate Model

2021

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“…A ceilometer observation has been conducted in the central part of the Gobi Desert since 29 April 2013 [13]. The observation site is the Dalanzadgad Meteorological Observatory (43.58°N, 104.42°E, 1470 m above sea level) in southern Mongolia (Fig.…”

Section: Observations and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-scale dust event in East Asia, as revealed by the Himawari-8 DUST RGB, lidar network observations, and field survey

et al. 2019

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A large-scale dust event occurred in East Asia during early May 2017, and transported dust was measured all over Japan. We performed an analysis of the entire dust event using multiple sources: a local ceilometer measurement, measurements from an optical particle counter in the Gobi Desert (Dalanzadgad, Mongolia), a study of Dust RGB imagery obtained from Himawari-8, lidar measurements from Japan, and meteorological data. Our results show that three extratropical low pressure systems occurred consecutively in Mongolia and generated dust storms in the Gobi Desert. Remarkably, the Dust RGB imagery shows both the occurrence and the transportation of the dust, and was able to detect two dust outbreaks in the Horqin Sandy Land of Northern China and their transportation to eastern Japan; this shows that the Horqin Sandy Land was one of the source regions of this dust event.

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“…Our research group has used both ceilometers/lidar and ground-based instruments to assess the structure and developmental processes of dust storms in the Gobi Desert (Kawai et al, 2015(Kawai et al, , 2018(Kawai et al, , 2019. The Himawari-8 Dust RGB is one of the most useful dust-monitoring satellite sensors (Bessho et al, 2016); it has been used previously to identify an independent dust source near Horqin Sandy Land, Inner Mongolia (China) and a well-known dust source of the Gobi Desert (Minamoto et al, 2017;Jin et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dust Hotspot in the Gobi Desert: A Field Survey in April 2019

Kai

Kawai

ITO

et al. 2021

SOLA

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The Gobi Desert is a dominant source of dust on the Asian continent. In this study, we analysed the characteristics of a typical Mongolian dust storm and identified a prominent dust hotspot in the Gobi Desert. During a field survey from Ulaanbaatar (the capital of Mongolia) to Dalanzadgad in the Gobi Desert, we encountered a typical dust storm on 28 April 2019, exhibiting a distinct dust wall. The head of the dust storm crossed the road several kilometres ahead of our vehicle. The head of the storm had a height of 600 m, and its structure suggested that the dust storm was induced by a gravity current.We entered the front of the dust storm and measured a maximum wind speed of 18.2 m/s and a visibility of less than 20 m. The normalized dust number concentration at 7 μm was Kai et al., Dust hotspot in the Gobi Desert 2 59 cm -3 . Moreover, Himawari-8 Dust RGB imagery showed that the dust storm occurred in an orographic convergence zone. This zone connects two valleys that are sandwiched between three mountains in the Gobi Desert: the Khangai, Altai, and Gurvan Saikhan Mountains. Our results suggest that this zone is a remarkable dust hotspot in the Gobi Desert.

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Dust Event in the Gobi Desert on 22-23 May 2013: Transport of Dust from the Atmospheric Boundary Layer to the Free Troposphere by a Cold Front

Cited by 16 publications

References 15 publications

High Potential of Asian Dust to Act as Ice Nucleating Particles in Mixed‐Phase Clouds Simulated With a Global Aerosol‐Climate Model

High Potential of Asian Dust to Act as Ice Nucleating Particles in Mixed‐Phase Clouds Simulated With a Global Aerosol‐Climate Model

Large-scale dust event in East Asia, as revealed by the Himawari-8 DUST RGB, lidar network observations, and field survey

Dust Hotspot in the Gobi Desert: A Field Survey in April 2019

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