Dust and environment in the Southern High Plains of North America

Stout, John E.

doi:10.1006/jare.2000.0732

Cited by 71 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Engelstaedter and Washington (2007) showed with satellite data that gustiness is better correlated with dust emissions than average wind speed in global ''hotspots'', and our study provides some support for this observation. Previous studies have shown that extreme wind events account for a large proportion of total dust emission over a longer measurement period (e.g., Holcombe et al, 1987;Stout, 2001;van Donk et al, 2003). That the correlations we measured are not significantly improved for hours above threshold vs. peak gust vs. average wind speed may be caused by the reduced efficiency of the dust traps at higher wind speeds (Goossens, 2007(Goossens, , 2010.…”

Section: Regional Contrasts In Seasonal Climate and Dust Fluxmentioning

confidence: 47%

“…Dust deposition in the study areas responds to the interaction of local weather, seasonal and decadal climate cycles such as ENSO and the summer monsoon (Okin and Reheis, 2002;Reheis, 2006), wind speed (Stout, 2001), changes in plant cover (Belnap et al, 2009), nature of dust source (Reheis, 2006), and land use (Belnap et al, 2009;Holcombe et al, 1987). Vegetation in many parts of the southwest is increasingly invaded by annual plants (Bradley, 2009;Brooks and Berry, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regional and climatic controls on seasonal dust deposition in the southwestern U.S.

Reheis

Urban

2011

Aeolian Research

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a b s t r a c tVertical dust deposition rates (dust flux) are a complex response to the interaction of seasonal precipitation, wind, changes in plant cover and land use, dust source type, and local vs. distant dust emission in the southwestern U.S. Seasonal dust flux in the Mojave-southern Great Basin (MSGB) deserts, measured from 1999 to 2008, is similar in summer-fall and winter-spring, and antecedent precipitation tends to suppress dust flux in winter-spring. In contrast, dust flux in the eastern Colorado Plateau (ECP) region is much larger in summer-fall than in winter-spring, and twice as large as in the MSGB. ECP dust is related to wind speed, and in the winter-spring to antecedent moisture. Higher summer dust flux in the ECP is likely due to gustier winds and runoff during monsoonal storms when temperature is also higher. Source types in the MSGB and land use in the ECP have important effects on seasonal dust flux. In the MSGB, wet playas produce salt-rich dust during wetter seasons, whereas antecedent and current moisture suppress dust emission from alluvial and dry-playa sources during winter-spring. In the ECP under drought conditions, dust flux at a grazed-and-plowed site increased greatly, and also increased at three annualized, previously grazed sites. Dust fluxes remained relatively consistent at ungrazed and currently grazed sites that have maintained perennial vegetation cover. Under predicted scenarios of future climate change, these results suggest that an increase in summer storms may increase dust flux in both areas, but resultant effects will depend on source type, land use, and vegetation cover.Published by Elsevier B.V.

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Section: Regional Contrasts In Seasonal Climate and Dust Fluxmentioning

confidence: 47%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional and climatic controls on seasonal dust deposition in the southwestern U.S.

Reheis

Urban

2011

Aeolian Research

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“…As can be likened to other arid to semiarid regions of the world (Amuti et al, 2014;Sarah and Zonana, 2015;Torres et al, 2015;Barbero-Sierra et al, 2015;Mureithi et al, 2015), this region (the SHP) is currently facing complex environmental challenges such as drought, declining groundwater quality, wind erosion, and soil salinization that limit agricultural productivity (Mehta et al, 2000;Stout, 2001;Allen et al, 2005;Young et al, 2015). Recent observations have also revealed an increasing number of cases of micronutrient deficiency, which could be attributed to the characteristically high pH soils prevalent in this region and intensive crop production activities.…”

Section: T K Udeigwe Et Al: Examining the Fixation Kinetics Of Chementioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the fixation kinetics of chelated and non-chelated copper and the applications to micronutrient management in semiarid alkaline soils

et al. 2016

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Abstract. This study examined and compared the fixation and fixation kinetics of copper (Cu) in chelated (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, EDTA) and non-chelated mixed systems of micronutrients in the semiarid soils of the Southern High Plains, USA, using findings from Cu extraction studies and kinetic models. Approximately, 22 % more Cu was fixed in the non-chelated system compared to the chelated within the first 14 days with only 7 % difference between the two systems by day 90. Findings suggest a decrease in the effectiveness of chelated micronutrients over time, highlighting the significance of timing even when chelated micronutrients are used. The strengths of the relationship of change in available Cu with respect to other micronutrients (iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn)) were higher in the nonchelated system (R 2 : 0.68-0.94), compared to the chelated (R 2 : 0.42-0.81), with slopes of 0.40 (Cu-Fe), 0.31 (Cu-Mn), and 1.04 (Cu-Zn) in the non-chelated system and 0.26 (CuFe), 0.22 (Cu-Mn), and 0.90 (Cu-Zn) in the chelated system. Reduction in the amount of available Cu was best described by the power function model (R 2 = 0.91, SE = 0.081) in the non-chelated system and second-order model (R 2 = 0.95, SE = 0.010) in the chelated system. The applications generated from this study could be used as tools for improved micronutrient management and also provide baseline data for future work in other semiarid/arid alkaline soils of the world. Findings are also more applicable to field settings, an improvement over related previous studies.

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“…Water-driven transport occurs as a sporadic, event-based phenomenon associated with occasional, intense rains (Dingman, 1994). Large-scale, wind-driven detachment and transport also occurs in response to weather events, especially periods of high winds (Godon and Todhunter, 1998;Stout, 2001;Arimoto et al, 2002;Whicker et al, 2002a). However, some wind-driven events that result in both detachment and transport can be due to short bursts of wind on generally calm days (Stout and Zobeck, 1997) and may be expected to occur much more frequently than intense rainfall events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wind and water erosion and transport in semi‐arid shrubland, grassland and forest ecosystems: quantifying dominance of horizontal wind‐driven transport

Breshears

Whicker

Johansen

et al. 2003

Earth Surf Processes Landf

207

168

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Soil erosion is an important process in dryland ecosystems, yet measurements and comparisons of wind and water erosion within and among such ecosystems are lacking. Here we compare wind erosion and transport field measurements with water erosion and transport from rainfall-simulation for three different semi-arid ecosystems: a shrubland near Carlsbad, New Mexico; a grassland near Denver, Colorado; and a forest near Los Alamos, New Mexico. In addition to comparing erosion loss from an area, we propose a framework for comparing horizontal mass transport of wind-and water-driven materials as a metric for local soil redistribution. Median erosion rates from wind for vertical mass flux measurements (g m −2 d −1 ) were 1·5 × 10 −2 for the shrubland, 8·3 × 10 −3 for the grassland, and 9·1 × 10 −3 for the forest. Wind-driven transport from horizontal mass flux measurements was greatest in the shrubland (15·0 g m) followed by the grassland (1·5 g m −2 d −1 ) and the forest sites (0·17 g m −2 d −1 ). Annual projections accounting for longer-term site meteorology suggest that wind erosion exceeds water erosion at the shrubland by c. 33 times and by c. five times at the forest, but not the grassland site, where the high clay content of the soils contributed to greater amounts of water erosion: water erosion exceeded wind erosion by about three times. Horizontal transport by wind was greater than that by water for all three systems, overwhelmingly so in the shrubland (factor of c. 2200). Our results, which include some of the only wind erosion measurements to date for semi-arid grasslands and forests, provide a basis for hypothesizing trends in wind and water erosion among ecosystems, highlight the importance of wind erosion and transport in semi-arid ecosystems, and have implications for land surface geomorphology, contaminant transport, and ecosystem biogeochemistry.

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Dust and environment in the Southern High Plains of North America

Cited by 71 publications

References 22 publications

Regional and climatic controls on seasonal dust deposition in the southwestern U.S.

Regional and climatic controls on seasonal dust deposition in the southwestern U.S.

Examining the fixation kinetics of chelated and non-chelated copper and the applications to micronutrient management in semiarid alkaline soils

Wind and water erosion and transport in semi‐arid shrubland, grassland and forest ecosystems: quantifying dominance of horizontal wind‐driven transport

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