During Fetal Muscle Development, Clones of Cells Contribute to Both Primary and Secondary Fibers

Evans, Darrell John Rhys; Baillie, Helen; Caswell, Anne; Wigmore, Peter

doi:10.1006/dbio.1994.1092

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Primary fibres are also incorporating cells by lateral fusion although at a lower rate than secondaries (Harris et al, 1989; Wigmore et al, 1992;Zhang and McLennan, 1995) and lineage studies have shown that cells from the same clone can fuse with both primary and secondary fibres at this time (Evans et al, 1994). It is therefore possible that some of the cells seen wedged between primary and secondary fibres will become incorporated into primary fibres.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

After embryonic day 17, distribution of cells on surface of primary muscle fibres in mouse is non-random

et al. 1996

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

After embryonic day 17, distribution of cells on surface of primary muscle fibres in mouse is non-random

et al. 1996

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“…This novel population might represent a persistent stem cell pool that gives rise to muscle progenitors during development. At later stages, fetal myoblasts emerge, and their relationship with embryonic MPCs and myoblasts remains controversial (Harris et al 1989;Cusella-De Angelis et al 1994;Evans et al 1994;Tajbakhsh 2003). To investigate this issue further, we examined mouse mutants in which the biphasic prenatal myogenic program is uncoupled genetically.…”

Section: Immunohistochemistry Of Myf5mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pax3/Pax7 mark a novel population of primitive myogenic cells during development

Giacone²,

et al. 2005

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Skeletal muscle serves as a paradigm for the acquisition of cell fate, yet the relationship between primitive cell populations and emerging myoblasts has remained elusive. We identify a novel population of resident Pax3 + / Pax7 + , muscle marker-negative cells throughout development. Using mouse mutants that uncouple myogenic progression, we show that these Pax + cells give rise to muscle progenitors. In the absence of skeletal muscle, they apoptose after down-regulation of Pax7. Furthermore, they mark the emergence of satellite cells during fetal development, and do not require Pax3 function. These findings identify critical cell populations during lineage restriction, and provide a framework for defining myogenic cell states for therapeutic studies. An unresolved issue in skeletal muscle development has been the nature of a reserve population of undifferentiated cells that ensures continued prenatal growth of this tissue (Parker et al. 2003;Tajbakhsh 2003). In the early embryo, muscle progenitors and precursors have been described (Tajbakhsh and Buckingham 2000). During post-natal life, satellite cells are the principal regenerative cell type (Zammit and Beauchamp 2001). About 1 d before birth, the appearance of progenitors associated with fibers has led to the assumption that these cells will give rise to future satellite cells in the adult (Cossu et al. 1993). However, the link between progenitors in the early somite and those observed at birth has remained enigmatic. In addition, the appearance of embryonic and fetal myoblasts has raised questions regarding their relationship with prenatal progenitors and emerging satellite cells. Studies in avians had suggested that satellite cells originate from somites, yet the endothelial origin of satellite cells remained unresolved (Armand et al. 1983). Furthermore, recent observations that muscle-or bonemarrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells can give rise to satellite cells or contribute to adult muscle after injury has questioned the notion that satellite cells originate exclusively from somites (Ferrari et al. 1998;Asakura et al. 2002;LaBarge and Blau 2002;Polesskaya et al. 2003). Therefore, in spite of considerable genetic data, cell relationships in the skeletal muscle lineage remain unresolved.During embryonic development, transitory structures called somites give rise to an epithelial dermomyotome, the source of dermal and endothelial precursors, as well as all the skeletal muscles in the body (Christ and Ordahl 1995;Tajbakhsh and Buckingham 2000). Multipotent muscle progenitor cells (MPCs) arising in the dermomyotome acquire definitive identity via the myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) Myf5, Mrf4, and Myod (Rudnicki et al. 1993;Tajbakhsh et al. 1996;Kassar-Duchossoy et al. 2004). These progenitors give rise to muscle precursors called myoblasts (Hauschka 1994;Tajbakhsh 2003). Muscle differentiation is subsequently mediated by Myogenin, Myod, and Mrf4 (Tajbakhsh and Buckingham 2000). In the somite, the first skeletal muscle mass to form is the myotome. Skeleta...

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“…In chick head and limb muscles, the formation of primary myotubes starts at D4-5 and continues until about D8, by which time secondary myotube formation has been initiated (Crow and Stockdale, 1986). Secondary myogenesis produces over 90% of muscle fibers in most muscles, and during the same period, the existing myotubes continuously absorb new myonuclei from differentiated myoblasts (Evans et al, 1994;Zhang and McLennan, 1995). The continuous and significant growth in the number and size of myotubes during secondary myogenesis requires the acceleration of myoblast proliferation and the expansion of the proliferating myoblast pool (Amthor et al, 1998;Patel et al, 2002).…”

Section: Rapid and Significant Increase In The Proliferating Myoblastmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the proportion and number of Pax(7+ve) and MF20(+ve) myoblasts during chick myogenesis in the head and limb.

Lee¹,

Zhang²,

Evans³

2004

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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Previous studies suggested that all myoblasts are present in the head and limb prior to the commencement of primary myotube formation. As a consequence, these myoblasts must be in various developmental states during myogenesis, i.e. proliferating, differentiating or terminally differentiated. There are few in vivo studies investigating dynamic quantitative changes of subgroups of these myoblasts during myogenesis. In this report, using anti-Pax7 and anti-myosin heavy chain antibodies, we examined the quantitative change of proliferating (Pax7 +ve ) and terminally differentiated (MF20 +ve ) myoblasts during primary and secondary myogenesis in the chick head and limb. Our results show that during primary myogenesis, less than 30% of myoblasts are in the proliferating phase, but as soon as secondary myogenesis begins, over 95% of myoblasts start to proliferate. Moreover, we have found that the proportion of terminally differentiated myoblasts is maintained at a low level (less than 3%) during primary and secondary myogenesis.

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During Fetal Muscle Development, Clones of Cells Contribute to Both Primary and Secondary Fibers

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

After embryonic day 17, distribution of cells on surface of primary muscle fibres in mouse is non-random

After embryonic day 17, distribution of cells on surface of primary muscle fibres in mouse is non-random

Pax3/Pax7 mark a novel population of primitive myogenic cells during development

Changes in the proportion and number of Pax(7+ve) and MF20(+ve) myoblasts during chick myogenesis in the head and limb.

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