Duration or Disadvantage? Exploring Nativity, Ethnicity, and Health in Midlife

Angel, Jacqueline L.; Buckley, Cynthia; Sakamoto, Art

doi:10.1093/geronb/56.5.s275

Cited by 90 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Then the maternal DMHA stress, support, and self-efficacy scores were entered in steps 4 to 6. This order of entry of the variables into the regression analyses was based on previous data that age can alter inflammatory cytokines levels (43,44) as well as on a priori hypotheses that ethnicity and education might affect health (45,46) and thus inflammatory markers. This strategy was designed to account for the potential effects of these intervening variables on the inflammatory markers before testing the influence of the psychosocial variables.…”

Section: Data Disposition and Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Stress Alters Cytokine Levels in a Manner That May Endanger Human Pregnancy

Coussons-Read

Okun

Schmitt

et al. 2005

Psychosomatic Medicine

222

105

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Section: Data Disposition and Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Stress Alters Cytokine Levels in a Manner That May Endanger Human Pregnancy

Coussons-Read

Okun

Schmitt

et al. 2005

Psychosomatic Medicine

222

105

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“…These benefits have been documented in almost every domain of health. On average, immigrants are less likely to smoke or drink, self-report lower levels of chronic illnesses, and have lower risk of mortality from almost all causes of death (Abraido-Lanza, Chao, & Florez, 2005; Abraido-Lanza, Chao, & Gates, 2005; Akresh, 2007; Angel, Buckley, & Sakamoto, 2001; Antecol & Bedard, 2006; Cho et al, 2004; Elo, Mehta, & Huang, 2011; Hummer, Biegler et al, 1999; Hummer et al, 2007; Hummer, Rogers et al, 1999; Jasso, Massey, Rosenzweig, & Smith, 2004; Mutchler, Prakash, & Burr, 2007; Singh & Hiatt, 2006; Singh & Siahpush, 2002). Similar health profiles have been found among immigrants to Canada and Australia (Biddle, Kennedy, & McDonald, 2007; Newbold, 2005; McDonald & Kennedy, 2004, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in income inequality and the health of immigrants

Hamilton

Kawachi

2013

Social Science & Medicine

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Research suggests that income inequality is inversely associated with health. This association has been documented in studies that utilize variation in income inequality across countries or across time from a single country. The primary criticism of these approaches is their inability to account for potential confounders that are associated with income inequality. This paper uses variation in individual experiences of income inequality among immigrants within the United States (U.S.) to evaluate whether individuals who moved from countries with greater income inequality than the U.S. have better health than those who migrated from countries with less income in equality than the U.S. Utilizing individual-level (March Current Population Survey) and country-level data (the United Nations Human Development Reports), we show that among immigrants who have resided in the U.S. between 6 and 20 years, self-reported health is more favorable for the immigrants in the former category (i.e., greater income inequality) than those in the latter (i.e., lower income inequality). Results also show that self-reported health is better among immigrants from more developed countries and those who have more years of education, are male, and are married.

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“…16 There are known differences in health and mortality related to immigration and acculturation. [16][17][18][19] Since language of interview different from the host culture may be a proxy for acculturation and can differentiate health outcomes, 20-23 the relationship of language differences on disability should be examined. A broader understanding of risk factors that contribute to racial/ethnic differences in the development of disability is central to promote equitable health care.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial/Ethnic Differences in the Development of Disability Among Older Adults

et al. 2007

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Objective-This study investigates differences in developing activities of daily living (ADL) disability among non-Hispanic Whites, African Americans, Hispanics interviewed in Spanish (Hispanic/Spanish), and Hispanics interviewed in English (Hispanic/English) Methods-Six-year risk for disability development is estimated from 8161 participants age 65 or older free of baseline disability in a population-based sample. Mediating factors amenable to clinical and public health intervention on racial/ethnic difference are evaluated.Results-The risk for developing disability among Hispanic/English was similar to Whites (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.99, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.6, 1.4), but substantially elevated for African Americans (HR=1.6, 95%CI: 1.3, 1.9) and Hispanic/Spanish (HR=1.8, 95%CI: 1.4, 2.1). Adjustment for demographics, health, and socioeconomic status reduced a large portion of those disparities (African American adjusted HR=1.1, Hispanic/Spanish adjusted HR=1.2).Conclusion-Excess risks for developing disability among older African Americans and Hispanic/ Spanish compared to Whites are largely attenuated by health and socioeconomic differences. Language and culture specific programs to increase physical activity and promote weight maintenance may prove to be efficient strategies to both reduce national ADL disability rates in the future and reduce racial/ethnic disparities in disability. INSTITUTIONAL REVIEW BOARD APPROVAL. This study received exemption from Human Subjects Review by the Northwestern University Institutional Review Board for these analyses of public data. Disability among older adults is a major health issue that is tied to high personal and economic costs. The number of Americans age 65 or older with chronic disability exceeds 7 million people. 1 Maintaining the quality of life for older adults by delaying disability may be as important as prolonging life. 2, 3 Medical spending among older adults is related more strongly to the presence of disability than remaining life expectancy. 4,5 Long-term care expenditures for older persons are projected to reach $161 billion by 2010, of which two-thirds is paid by government programs. 6 The composition of the U.S. population is changing. In 2000, 18% of people in the U.S. spoke a language at home other than English, up from 11% in 1980. 7 The fastest growing part of the U.S. population over 65 is among minority groups, particularly African American and Hispanic. 8 As numbers of older minorities increase, well documented public health concerns grow regarding racial/ethnic disparities in health outcomes. 9 While disability trends have declined among older Americans, racial/ethnic disparities persist. 1, 10-13 Literature on racial/ ethnic disparities in disability largely evaluate African American experiences; national studies investigating disability among Hispanics are limited 1,12,14,15 Despite the common practice of conducting interviews in languages other than English to allows respondent to participate in their primary language, few nat...

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Duration or Disadvantage? Exploring Nativity, Ethnicity, and Health in Midlife

Cited by 90 publications

References 50 publications

Prenatal Stress Alters Cytokine Levels in a Manner That May Endanger Human Pregnancy

Prenatal Stress Alters Cytokine Levels in a Manner That May Endanger Human Pregnancy

Changes in income inequality and the health of immigrants

Racial/Ethnic Differences in the Development of Disability Among Older Adults

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