Duration of diabetes as an important risk factor of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes

Abstract

<p class="email"><strong>Background</strong></p><p class="email">Microalbuminuria is the earliest evidence of diabetic nephropathy and a major predictor of end stage renal disease (ESRD). The objective of the study was to determine the influence of several risk factors on the presence of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetics.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Methods</strong></p><p>This observational cross-sectional study was done on 73 patients with type 2 diabetes, who attended the <em>Prolanis</em> program in Primary Health Care from May to November 2018. Detailed medical histories including duration of diabetes and relevant clinical examinations including fasting blood sugar (FBS), post-prandial blood sugar (PPBS), HbA1c, serum creatinine, blood urea and urinary microalbumin were recorded for each patient. A multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the data. The analysis was assessed at 5% level of significance.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Results</strong></p><p>Mean age of study population was 51.89 ± 6.78 years with female preponderance (51.1%). Mean FBS, PPBS, HbA1c, duration of diabetes, systolic blood pressure, microalbuminuria and serum creatinine was 182.51 ± 74.63 mg/dL, 186.25 ± 26.72 mg/dL, 8.8 ± 1.83%, 9.37 ± 5.96 years, 118.44 ± 4.13 mmHg, 30.32 ± 3.2 mg/day and 1.33 ± 0.64 mg/dL respectively. Duration of diabetes and HbA1c were positively correlated with microalbuminuria (β=0.052; Beta =0.367; p<0.001 and β=0.058; Beta=0.363; p<0.001) respectively.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Conclusions</strong></p><p>Duration of diabetes was the most important risk factor of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes patients. Therefore microalbuminuria can predict diabetic nephropathy earlier, as a warning to prevent further worsening of diabetic complications.</p><p class="fax"> </p>

Insulin resistance and specific biomarkers in blood and urine of type 2 diabetic patients with or without nephropathy in Basrah, Iraq

“…As FN is produced by kidney mesangial cells, it was also found that FN in these cells is elevated proportionately in the disease states characterized by mesangial expansion including diabetic nodules (Lee and Choi, 2015). Furthermore, the significant elevation in FN level in T2DM patients with and without DN in our study could be due to connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) because it plays a key role in glomerular alteration in diabetic sclerosis because this mediator stimulates transient actin cytoskeleton disassembly in mesangial cells, high production of FN and mesangial cell hypertrophy (Indriani et al, 2020).…”

Nano-Technological Approaches for Targeting Kidney Diseases With Focus on Diabetic Nephropathy: Recent Progress, and Future Perspectives

“…This involves limiting salt intake (under 2,300 mg daily consumption), weight loss in the case of obesity, and staying active (Care, 2019). To reach target blood pressure, a patient-specific treatment strategy must be developed at the time of diagnosis and should be executed along with pharmacologic therapy (Bertsimas et al, 2020;Indriani et al, 2020).…”