Duration of breastfeeding and psychomotor development in 1-year-old children – Polish Mother and Child Cohort Study

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between breastfeeding duration and child neurodevelopment based on the Polish Mother and Child Cohort Study. Material and Methods: The current analysis included 501 mother-child pairs. The analysis evaluating the association between the length of breastfeeding and child neurodevelopment considered the following variables: maternal age and body mass index, weight gain during pregnancy, parental level of education, marital status, socioeconomic status, child gender, birthweight, type of delivery, preterm delivery, pre-and postnatal exposure to tobacco constituents and child day care attendance. Psychomotor development was assessed in 1-year-olds on the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development. Results: The length of breastfeeding correlated positively with maternal age at delivery (ρ = 0.13), maternal and paternal level of education (ρ = 0.2 and ρ = 0.14 respectively), birthweight (ρ = 0.1) and marital status (ρ = 0.16) (p < 0.05). A negative correlation between the length of breastfeeding and maternal smoking status during the first year after delivery (ρ =-0.19) and weight gain during pregnancy (r =-0.1) was observed (p < 0.05). The association between the duration of breastfeeding and child development was not statistically significant in the model with the inclusion of confounding variables. A significant association between language development and maternal level of education (p = 0.004), gender of the child (p = 0.0007) and maternal weight gain during pregnancy (p = 0.01) was found. A negative association between cognitive development and maternal salivary cotinine during pregnancy (p = 0.03) and a negative association between motor development and maternal smoking status during the first year after delivery (p = 0.007) were also found. Conclusions: This study found no significant association between the duration of breastfeeding and child development after adjustment for confounders.

Surveying the relation between the means of infant feeding and motor development in Hungary

“…The findings of our study as well as those of international surveys unambiguously indicate that the possible correlation between breastfeeding and the children's development calls for further tasks and research efforts. Our results correspond, in part, with the international studies claiming that breastfeeding supports the psycho-motor development of children [14,15], even though several international studies reported that statistically no significant correlation could be found [16,26].…”

“…Several international surveys found that the risk of delayed development of children who are breastfed for a period longer than 6 months is significantly lower. Such research studies prove the assumption that the duration of breastfeeding has a positive impact on the development of the infants' psycho-motor skills as well [13][14][15][16].…”

“…Between 2007 and 2011 infants of 501 mothers had been monitored in Poland with a focus on the duration of the time allowed for breastfeeding and it was concluded that no significant correlation could be proved at all between the infants' development and the length of the time spent with their feeding with breastmilk [16]. According to data published by Quinn and al in 2001, follow up screening at 5 years of age with the application of the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test showed better scores of the cognitive development of breastfed children [14].…”

The Association Between Breastfeeding Duration and Language Development Survey (LDS) Score in Children Aged 18 - 35 months

“…Otherwise, a study that examined cognitive and noncognitive development of children found no association once the children reached ve years old. This study also highlighted mothers' education background as an important factor that in uence children's cognitive development [24][16] [25]. [24].…”

[Id 57466] Avaliação Do Desenvolvimento Motor De Crianças Nascidas Prematuras: Impacto De Fatores De Risco Maternos

“…Os bebês prematuros apresentam trajetória de aquisições motoras diferente das crianças nascidas a termo, sendo descritas inferioridades no desempenho destes, principalmente no primeiro ano de vida 1,3 , uma vez que, a prematuridade está entre os fatores determinantes para alterações motoras, onde os atrasos se tornam maiores quanto menor for a idade gestacional 4,5 . Além disso, já está determinado que os bebês prematuros podem ter suas aquisições motoras potencializadas ou inibidas por fatores relacionados tanto ao seu ambiente de inserção, físico, social e cultural 6,7 , quanto a fatores relacionados à mãe, como aleitamento materno e o nível de adolescência e a vida adulta 10,13 . Desta forma, os prematuros nascidos com baixo peso e muito baixo peso, ou seja, abaixo de 2500g e 1500g, respectivamente, estão em um grupo considerado de alto risco para distúrbios motores durante os primeiros anos de vida 14 A partir dos resultados encontrados, reforça-se a importância da intervenção, que deve ser iniciada precocemente, a fim de reverter ou minimizar atrasos motores.…”