Duration of BA.5 neutralization in sera and nasal swabs from SARS-CoV-2 vaccinated individuals, with or without Omicron breakthrough infection

Planas, Delphine; Staropoli, Isabelle; Porrot, Françoise; Guivel‐Benhassine, Florence; Handala, Lynda; Prot, Matthieu; Bolland, William; Puech, Julien; Péré, Hélène; Veyer, David; Sève, Aymeric; Simon‐Lorière, Etienne; Bruel, Timothée; Prazuck, Thiérry; Stéfic, Karl; Hocqueloux, Laurent

doi:10.1101/2022.07.22.22277885

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…S9, C and D; and data S1). Collectively, these data underscore the lack of or very weak induction of mucosal antibody responses upon intramuscular delivery of mRNA vaccines or adenovirus-vectored vaccines ( 35 , 36 ) and are consistent with concurrent findings that Omicron breakthrough infection, but not vaccination alone, induces neutralizing antibody responses and tissue-resident T cells in the nasal mucosa ( 37 , 38 ).…”

Section: Characterization Of Plasma and Mucosal Humoral Responses To ...supporting

confidence: 82%

Imprinted antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages

Park

Pinto

Walls

et al. 2022

Science

142

116

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron sublineages carry distinct spike mutations and represent an antigenic shift resulting in escape from antibodies induced by previous infection or vaccination. We show that hybrid immunity or vaccine boosters elicit plasma neutralizing activity against Omicron BA.1, BA.2, BA.2.12.1 and BA.4/5 and that breakthrough infections, but not vaccination-only, induce neutralizing activity in the nasal mucosa. Consistent with immunological imprinting, most antibodies derived from memory B cells or plasma cells of Omicron breakthrough cases cross-react with the Wuhan-Hu-1, BA.1, BA.2, and BA.4/5 receptor-binding domains whereas Omicron primary infections elicit B cells of narrow specificity up to 6 months post infection. Although most clinical antibodies have reduced neutralization of Omicron, we identified an ultrapotent pan-variant neutralizing antibody, that is a strong candidate for clinical development.

show abstract

Section: Characterization Of Plasma and Mucosal Humoral Responses To ...supporting

confidence: 82%

Imprinted antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages

Park

Pinto

Walls

et al. 2022

Science

142

116

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The protection offered by COVID-19 vaccination, previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, or breakthrough infection among vaccinated individuals all waned over time, 14,15 especially so when pertaining to BA.5. 16 Panke et al found that neutralization titers against BA.5 among participants without previous infection endured a triple reduction after 7-9months after being boostered with mRNA vaccines. 14 In our study, mean time interval of two infections was 266 days (≈9 months), and most reinfections occurred over 6 months post last vaccination.…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 Reinfection Was Less Severe Than Primary Infectio...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and severity of SARS‐CoV‐2 reinfection, a multicenter cohort study in Shanghai, China

Guo

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During March 2022 to January 2023, two Omicron waves hit Shanghai and caused a massive number of reinfections. To better understand the incidence and clinical characteristics of SARS‐CoV‐2 reinfection in Shanghai, China, we conducted a multicenter cohort study. COVID‐19 patients first infected with BA.2 (March 1, 2022–May 23, 2022) who were quarantined in Huashan Hospital, Renji Hospital, and Shanghai Jing'an Central Hospital were followed up for reinfection from June 1, 2022 to January 31, 2023. Of 897 primary infections, 148 (16.5%) experienced reinfection. Incidence rate of reinfection was 0.66 cases per 1000 person‐days. Female gender (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]= 2.19, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29–3.83) was a risk factor for reinfection. The four most common symptoms of reinfections during the circulation of BA.5 sublineages were cough (62.59%), sore throat (54.42%), fatigue (48.98%), and fever (42.57%). Having received a booster vaccination was not associated with reduced severity of reinfection in comparison with not having received booster vaccination. After matched 1:1 by age and sex, we found that reinfections with BA.5 sublineages had significantly lower occurrence and severity of fever, fatigue, sore throat, and cough, as compared to primary infections with BA.5 sublineages. SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron reinfections were less severe than Omicron primary infections during the circulation of the same subvariant. Protection offered by both vaccination and previous infection was poor against SARS‐CoV‐2 reinfection.

show abstract

“…These results go in line with another study showing that vaccination efficiently boosts nasal IgG responses whereas nasal IgA responses are only transiently increased, and rapidly decline after vaccination 19 . In another study vaccination did not generate detectable neutralizing mucosal antibodies and only breakthrough infections in vaccinated subjects resulted in measurable neutralization 28 . To date, the presence of SARS-CoV-2 s-IgA responses were detected in saliva and breastmilk of some individuals upon vaccination 32 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…One study showed that mucosal antibody responses induced by vaccination were low or undetectable, but Delta breakthrough infections led to significant increases of antibody titres in saliva 27 . According to one study, previous infection, but not vaccination, induced strong IgA responses and detectable neutralizing titers against Omicron subvariants in the nasal mucosa 28 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 convalescence and hybrid immunity elicits mucosal immune responses

Puhach

Bellon

Adea

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mucosal antibodies play a key role in the protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in the upper respiratory tract, and potentially in limiting virus replication and therefore onward transmission. While systemic immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is well understood, little is known about the antibodies present on the nasal mucosal surfaces. In this study, we evaluated SARS-CoV-2 mucosal antibodies in response to infection, vaccination, or a combination of both. Paired nasal fluid and serum samples were collected from 136 individuals, which include convalescent, vaccinated, or breakthrough infections. We detected a high correlation between IgG responses in serum and nasal fluids, which were higher in both compartments in vaccinated compared to convalescent participants. Contrary, nasal and systemic SARS-CoV-2 IgA responses were weakly correlated, indicating a compartmentalization between the local and systemic IgA responses. SARS-CoV-2 secretory component IgA (s-IgA) antibodies, present exclusively on mucosal surfaces, were detected in the nasal fluid only in a minority of vaccinated subjects and were significantly higher in previously infected individuals. s-IgA binding antibodies showed significant correlation with neutralizing activity of nasal fluids against SARS-CoV-2 ancestral B.1 and Omicron-BA.5 variant, indicating that s-IgA is the crucial contributor to neutralization in the nasal mucosa. Neutralization against both SARS-CoV-2 strains was higher in the mucosa of subjects with previous SARS-CoV-2 infections compared to vaccinated participants. In summary, we demonstrate that currently available vaccines elicit strong systemic antibody responses, but SARS-CoV-2 infection generates more potent binding and neutralizing mucosal antibodies. Our results support the importance to develop SARS-CoV-2 vaccines that elicit mucosal antibodies.

show abstract

Duration of BA.5 neutralization in sera and nasal swabs from SARS-CoV-2 vaccinated individuals, with or without Omicron breakthrough infection

Cited by 10 publications

References 41 publications

Imprinted antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages

Imprinted antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages

Incidence and severity of SARS‐CoV‐2 reinfection, a multicenter cohort study in Shanghai, China

SARS-CoV-2 convalescence and hybrid immunity elicits mucosal immune responses

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About