DURATION OF ANTIGEN SHEDDING AND DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIBODY TITERS IN MALAYAN TIGERS (PANTHERA TIGRIS JACKSONI) NATURALLY INFECTED WITH SARS-CoV-2

Multi‐species outbreak of SARS‐CoV‐2 Delta variant in a zoological institution, with the detection in two new families of carnivores

“…In the present study, we report a SARS‐CoV‐2 outbreak in 12 zoo animals representing six animal species. Similar to previous studies, these zoo animals had variable shedding periods ranging from 2 to 29 days (Bartlett et al., 2021 ; Cushing et al., 2021 ; Fernandez‐Bellon et al., 2021 ). Many of the animals in the reported outbreak had no viral detection past 20 days, but viral RNA was detectable in some animals up to 53 days after the outbreak started.…”

“…Highlighting this reverse zoonosis, animal SARS‐CoV‐2 strains and variants have mirrored those within the human population. In 2020, non‐variant strains had been detected in tigers and lions at the Bronx Zoo (B lineage in lion and B.1 lineage in tigers) and in a tiger at a zoo in Tennessee (B.1.2 lineage) (Bartlett et al., 2021 ; Cushing et al., 2021 ). In contrast, in 2021 variants were detected in animals including the Alpha variant in domestic dogs and cats in the United Kingdom (Ferasin et al., 2021 ), tigers and lions at the Prague Zoo in the Czech Republic, and tigers at the Virginia Zoo (Mitchell et al., 2021 ) and the Delta variant in 14 animal species, including the current report (cat, dog, mink, gorilla, hyena, hippopotamus, ferret, tiger, lion, snow leopard, otter, binturong, fishing cat, and coatimundi) in Belgium, India, Japan, Netherlands, Poland, Singapore, South Africa, Thailand, and the United States (U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2022 ).…”

“…Many of the animals in the reported outbreak had no viral detection past 20 days, but viral RNA was detectable in some animals up to 53 days after the outbreak started. Faecal sampling is a non‐invasive detection method that has been used in humans (Zheng et al., 2020 ) and felids (Cushing et al., 2021 ). In humans, it has been observed that faecal shedding persists longer than oro/nasopharyngeal shedding (Wang et al., 2020 ; Xing et al., 2020 ; Zheng et al., 2020 ).…”

“…In the past 2 years, SARS-CoV-2 has continually evolved in humans and several variants have emerged. Since most animal SARS-CoV-2 cases were presumed to be due to human-to-animal transmission events (Ekstrand et al, 2021;Garigliany et al, 2020;Jo et al, 2020;McAloose et al, 2020;Miro et al, 2021;Prince et al, 2021;Racnik et al, 2021) and in a tiger at a zoo in Tennessee (B.1.2 lineage) (Bartlett et al, 2021;Cushing et al, 2021). In contrast, in 2021 variants were detected in animals including the Alpha variant in domestic dogs and cats in the United Kingdom (Ferasin et al, 2021), tigers and lions at the Prague Zoo in the Czech Republic, and tigers at the Virginia Zoo (Mitchell et al, 2021) and the Delta variant in 14 animal species, including the current report (cat, dog, mink, gorilla, hyena, hippopotamus, ferret, tiger, lion, In the present study, we report a SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in 12 zoo animals representing six animal species.…”

Zoonose e zoonose reversa do SARS-CoV-2 sob a perspectiva da Saúde Única

“…Esses resultados evidenciam que Canis familiaris não configura um bom hospedeiro ou possui mecanismos de defesa imune eficientes para as cepas do vírus circulantes naqueles países. Até o momento, não há evidências de transmissão do SARS-em cativeiro (McAloose et al, 2020;Bartlett et al, 2021;Cushing et al, 2021;Grome et al, 2022;Nagy et al, 2022); leopardos (Panthera pardus) em ambiente selvagem (Mahajan et al, 2022); e leopardo-das-neves (Panthera uncia) em zoológico (Wang et al, 2022). Foi relatada também infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2 em suçuarana (Puma concolor) (Giraldo-Ramírez et al, 2021).…”