Dural enhancement with primary calvarial lesions

Cranial osteosarcoma is very rare in children, rendering the development of optimal treatment algorithms challenging. The authors present 3 cases of pediatric cranial osteosarcoma: a primary calvarial tumor, a cranial metastasis, and a primary osteosarcoma of the cranial base. A review of the literature demonstrates significant variation in the management of cranial osteosarcomas and the outcome for patients with these tumors. This series and literature review is presented to improve the understanding of pediatric cranial osteosarcoma and to reinforce the importance of maximal resection in optimizing outcome.

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“…2 Because enhancement may represent tumor invasion, dural resection is prudent if it can be achieved with a low risk of significant morbidity.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteosarcoma of the cranial vault and skull base in pediatric patients

Hadley

Gressot

Patel

et al. 2014

PED

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“…Ahmadi et al11 and Eisen et al9 noted linear dural enhancement in 12 and 7 cases, respectively; dural invasion was not noted in any of these cases. Similarly, Arana et al13 noted linear enhancement in 6 cases, with histologic dural invasion being seen in only one case. In the present study, 15 patients were noted to have linear dural enhancement, with 7 of 15 (46.7%) having dural invasion histologically.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The presence of linear dural enhancement is the most common MRI characteristic for sinonasal and skull base neoplasms 9,11–13. Multiple studies have demonstrated that linear dural enhancement is likely reactive in nature and does not reflect true dural invasion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wide range drive of hybrid stepping motor with flux‐weakening control

Yoneda¹,

Dohmeki

2010

Electrical Engineering Japan

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SUMMARYBecause the application range of motors for position control is extending in industry, hybrid stepping motors that can realize position control easily have become popular. However, stepping motors have some disadvantages: the possibility of pull-out under certain load conditions, and low efficiency due to iron loss. Consequently, a system designer must choose the motor-driver combination very carefully. This paper proposes high-efficiency drive of a hybrid stepping motor in a wide speed range by vector control, without the occurrence of pull-out. It is shown that lead angle control is equivalent to flux-weakening control, and that the maximum torque depends on the maximum inverter voltage at high speed. The effect of iron loss suppression by flux-weakening control is verified experimentally.

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“…8 Preoperative imaging with computed tomography (CT) and/ or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may help predict skull base invasion, but may be associated with both false positives and false negatives with respect to occult invasion. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] The principal aim of this study was to determine the occult rate of dural invasion in patients with tumors extending to and/or eroding the bony skull base but without overt dural invasion. Furthermore, we explored the prognostic implications of bony skull base erosion and of resecting dura in this group of patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Dural Resection on Sinonasal Malignancies with Skull Base Encroachment or Erosion

Ziai

et al. 2017

J Neurol Surg B

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(1) To determine the occult rate of dural invasion in patients with tumors extending to and/or eroding the bony anterior skull base but without evidence of dural invasion on preoperative imaging. (2) To determine the impact of dural resection and of skull base erosion on survival outcomes in this group of patients (without evidence of dural invasion upon preoperative imaging). Retrospective study. Tertiary care academic center. Patients with sinonasal malignancies with anterior skull base encroachment/erosion without dural invasion on preoperative imaging treated surgically. (1) Histopathologic disease in the dura in patients who had dural resection and (2) Oncologic outcomes (5-year local recurrence, dural recurrence, disease-specific survival, and overall survival) in patients with and without dural resection, and patients with and without skull base erosion. Thirty-seven patients were included. The occult rate of dural invasion was 54%. Patients with dural resection had improved margin control versus those without dural resection (90% vs 56%, = 0.02). Dural resection improved 5-year overall survival only in patients with esthesioneuroblastoma compared with bony skull base resection alone (100% vs 75%, = 0.03). Patients with skull base erosion had reduced local control versus those without erosion (63% vs 93%, = 0.047). This study suggests a substantial rate of occult dural invasion despite no overt imaging findings. Dural resection may be associated with improved margin control, but no oncologic benefit except for esthesioneuroblastomas, although treatment heterogeneity and small sample size may limit conclusions.

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Dural enhancement with primary calvarial lesions

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Osteosarcoma of the cranial vault and skull base in pediatric patients

Osteosarcoma of the cranial vault and skull base in pediatric patients

Wide range drive of hybrid stepping motor with flux‐weakening control

Impact of Dural Resection on Sinonasal Malignancies with Skull Base Encroachment or Erosion

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