Durability of Viral Neutralization in Asymptomatic Coronavirus Disease 2019 for at Least 60 Days

Haymond, Amanda; Damluji, Abdulla; Narayanan, Aarthi; Mueller, Claudius; Reeder, Alex; Alem, Farhang; Maxwell, G. Larry; Petricoin, Emanuel F.; Liotta, Lance A.; deFilippi, Christopher R.

doi:10.1093/infdis/jiab140

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…A specificity of 99.5% would be realistic suggesting approximately 9 initial false-positive tests given our sample size. However, in a prior publication evaluating a viral neutralization assay in the baseline positive binding assay cohort the presence of neutralization was seen in all tested participants samples [ 2 , 27 ]. Fourth, we did not perform an orthogonal serologic testing strategy for population surveillance because the serologic testing used in this study had very high specificity and negative predictive value [2] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seropositivity of COVID-19 among asymptomatic healthcare workers: A multi-site prospective cohort study from Northern Virginia, United States

Damluji

Wei

Bruce

et al. 2021

The Lancet Regional Health - Americas

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Background Because of their direct patient contact, healthcare workers (HCW) face an unprecedented risk of exposure to COVID-19. The aim of this study was to examine incidence of COVID-19 disease among asymptomatic HCW and community participants in Northern Virginia during 6 months of follow-up. Methods This is a prospective cohort study that enrolled healthy HCW and residents who never had a symptomatic COVID-19 infection prior to enrolment from the community in Northern Virginia from April to November 2020. All participants were invited to enrol in study, and they were followed at 2-, and 6-months intervals. Participants were evaluated by commercial chemiluminescence SARS-CoV-2 serology assays as part of regional health system and public health surveillance program to monitor the spread of COVID-19 disease. Findings Of a total of 1,819 asymptomatic HCW enrolled, 1,473 (96%) had data at two-months interval, and 1,323 (73%) participants had data at 6-months interval. At baseline, 21 (1.15%) were found to have prior COVID-19 exposure. At two-months interval, COVID-19 rate was 2.8% and at six months follow-up, the overall incidence rate increased to 4.8%, but was as high as 7.9% among those who belong to the youngest age group (20–29 years). Seroconversion rates in HCW were comparable to the seropositive rates in the Northern Virginia community. The overall incidence of COVID-19 in the community was 4.5%, but the estimate was higher among Hispanic ethnicity (incidence rate = 15.3%) potentially reflecting different socio-economic factors among the community participants and the HCW group. Using cross-sectional logistic regression and spatio-temporal mixed effects models, significant factors that influence the transmission rate among HCW include age, race/ethnicity, resident ZIP-code, and household exposure, but not direct patient contact. Interpretation In Northern Virginia, the seropositive rate of COVID-19 disease among HCW was comparable to that in the community.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seropositivity of COVID-19 among asymptomatic healthcare workers: A multi-site prospective cohort study from Northern Virginia, United States

Damluji

Wei

Bruce

et al. 2021

The Lancet Regional Health - Americas

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“…The presence and neutralizing efficacy of antibodies in immunized serum samples obtained from vaccinated animals were determined using a plaque reduction neutralization assay (PRNT) carried out by conventional methods. 54,55 Our PRNT results demonstrate that PB with a 5-μg dose of RBD, 1-μg dose of RBD plus CpG ODN 1018 were all highly effective in eliciting a strong neutralizing antibody response. The data showed strong inhibition of viral infectivity from the vero monolayer at >1:1024 dilution, whereas PB alone had no effect on viral inhibition and PB with 1 μg RBD had limited efficacy (Fig.…”

Section: Ace2-immobilized Kd (Nm) [Mean ± Sd] Kon (M -1 S -1 ) [Mean ...mentioning

confidence: 79%

DNA Origami Presenting the Receptor Binding Domain of SARS-CoV-2 Elicit Robust Protective Immune Response

Oktay

Alem

Hernandez

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Effective and safe vaccines are invaluable tools in the arsenal to fight infectious diseases. The rapid spreading of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) responsible of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has highlighted the need to develop methods for rapid and efficient vaccine development. DNA origami nanoparticles (DNA-NPs) presenting multiple antigens in prescribed nanoscale patterns have recently emerged as a safe, efficient, and easily scalable alternative for rational design of vaccines. Here, we are leveraging the unique properties of these DNA-NPs and demonstrate that precisely patterning ten copies of a reconstituted trimer of the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 along with CpG adjuvants on the DNA-NPs is able to elicit a robust protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in a mouse model. Our results demonstrate the potential of our DNA-NP-based approach for developing safe and effective nanovaccines against infectious diseases.

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“…Six weeks after the first injection, mice were euthanized, and the serum was collected to perform further tests. The presence and neutralizing efficacy of antibodies in serum samples collected from animals injected with control (unconjugated) groups and DNA origami nanovaccine constructs were analyzed using a plaque reduction neutralization assay (PRNT) carried out by conventional methods 62,63 . Our PRNT results demonstrate that viral inhibition by serially diluted serum antibodies from control groups were found not to be as effective as the nanovaccine constructs (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA origami presenting the receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 elicit robust protective immune response

et al. 2023

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Effective and safe vaccines are invaluable tools in the arsenal to fight infectious diseases. The rapid spreading of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has highlighted the need to develop methods for rapid and efficient vaccine development. DNA origami nanoparticles (DNA-NPs) presenting multiple antigens in prescribed nanoscale patterns have recently emerged as a safe, efficient, and easily scalable alternative for rational design of vaccines. Here, we are leveraging the unique properties of these DNA-NPs and demonstrate that precisely patterning ten copies of a reconstituted trimer of the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 along with CpG adjuvants on the DNA-NPs is able to elicit a robust protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in a mouse model. Our results demonstrate the potential of our DNA-NP-based approach for developing safe and effective nanovaccines against infectious diseases with prolonged antibody response and effective protection in the context of a viral challenge.

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Durability of Viral Neutralization in Asymptomatic Coronavirus Disease 2019 for at Least 60 Days

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Seropositivity of COVID-19 among asymptomatic healthcare workers: A multi-site prospective cohort study from Northern Virginia, United States

Seropositivity of COVID-19 among asymptomatic healthcare workers: A multi-site prospective cohort study from Northern Virginia, United States

DNA Origami Presenting the Receptor Binding Domain of SARS-CoV-2 Elicit Robust Protective Immune Response

DNA origami presenting the receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 elicit robust protective immune response

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