Durability of humoral and cellular immunity six months after the BNT162b2 bivalent booster

Favresse, Julien; Gillot, Constant; Closset, Mélanie; Cabo, Julien; Wauthier, Loris; David, Clara; Elsen, Marc; Dogné, Jean‐Michel; Douxfils, Jonathan

doi:10.22541/au.168983668.85960360/v1

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 8 publications

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“…The differences in immunogenicity and efficacy between the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines are likely explained by differences in dose and/or antigen design. At 3 month post-bivalent booster vaccination, we uniformly observed waning of all measured immune parameters, consistent with previous reports 21,22 antibodies after bivalent boost. The number of antigen exposures could be underlying this observation; repeated exposure is thought to boost antibodies of the IgG4 subclass, potentially affecting functionality 23 .…”

Section: Breakthrough Infections Lead To Comparatively Low Levels Of ...supporting

confidence: 91%

Distinct COVID-19 vaccine combinations result in divergent immune responses

Zaeck,

Tan,

Rietdijk

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Waning antibody responses after COVID-19 vaccination combined with the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineage led to reduced vaccine effectiveness. As a countermeasure, bivalent mRNA-based booster vaccines encoding the ancestral spike protein in combination with that of Omicron BA.1 or BA.5 were introduced. Since then, BA.2-descendent lineages have become dominant, such as XBB.1.5 or BA.2.86. Here, we assessed how different COVID-19 priming regimens affect the immunogenicity of the recently used bivalent booster vaccinations and breakthrough infections. BA.1 and BA.5 bivalent vaccines boosted neutralizing antibodies and T-cells up to 3 months after boost; however, cross-neutralization of XBB.1.5 was poor. Interestingly, different combinations of prime-boost regimens induced divergent responses: participants primed with Ad26.COV2.S developed lower binding antibody levels after bivalent boost while neutralization and T-cell responses were similar to mRNA-based primed participants. In contrast, the breadth of neutralization was higher in mRNA-primed and bivalent BA.5 boosted participants. Combined, we highlight important "lessons learned" from the employed COVID-19 vaccination strategies. Our data further support the use of monovalent vaccines based on circulating strains when vaccinating risk groups, as recently recommended by the WHO. We emphasize the importance of the continuous assessment of immune responses targeting circulating variants to guide future COVID-19 vaccination policies.

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Section: Breakthrough Infections Lead To Comparatively Low Levels Of ...supporting

confidence: 91%

Distinct COVID-19 vaccine combinations result in divergent immune responses

Zaeck,

Tan,

Rietdijk

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Original COVID-19 priming regimen impacts the immunogenicity of bivalent BA.1 and BA.5 boosters

Zaeck,

Tan,

Rietdijk

et al. 2024

Nat Commun

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Waning antibody responses after COVID-19 vaccination combined with the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineage led to reduced vaccine effectiveness. As a countermeasure, bivalent mRNA-based booster vaccines encoding the ancestral spike protein in combination with that of Omicron BA.1 or BA.5 were introduced. Since then, different BA.2-descendent lineages have become dominant, such as XBB.1.5, JN.1, or EG.5.1. Here, we report post-hoc analyses of data from the SWITCH-ON study, assessing how different COVID-19 priming regimens affect the immunogenicity of bivalent booster vaccinations and breakthrough infections (NCT05471440). BA.1 and BA.5 bivalent vaccines boosted neutralizing antibodies and T-cells up to 3 months after boost; however, cross-neutralization of XBB.1.5 was poor. Interestingly, different combinations of prime-boost regimens induced divergent responses: participants primed with Ad26.COV2.S developed lower binding antibody levels after bivalent boost while neutralization and T-cell responses were similar to mRNA-based primed participants. In contrast, the breadth of neutralization was higher in mRNA-primed and bivalent BA.5 boosted participants. Combined, our data further support the current use of monovalent vaccines based on circulating strains when vaccinating risk groups, as recently recommended by the WHO. We emphasize the importance of the continuous assessment of immune responses targeting circulating variants to guide future COVID-19 vaccination policies.

show abstract

Durability of humoral and cellular immunity six months after the BNT162b2 bivalent booster

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

Distinct COVID-19 vaccine combinations result in divergent immune responses

Distinct COVID-19 vaccine combinations result in divergent immune responses

Original COVID-19 priming regimen impacts the immunogenicity of bivalent BA.1 and BA.5 boosters

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