Duplication and deletion in the human immunoglobulin ϵ genes

Max, Edward E.; Battey, Jim; Ney, Robert L.; Kirsch, Ilan R.; Leder, Philip

doi:10.1016/0092-8674(82)90185-4

Cited by 147 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Flanagan and Rabbitts (1982) proposed two models for the evolution of the human CH locus; a large ancestral chromosomal region which was duplicated may have had a gene order of either C--C-CC or Cy-C-'C_,-C,. C7y1/Cy4, CO2/CEi/Ca2, respectively), it is likely that the duplication of the large chromosomal region is an evolutionarily recent event (Max et al, 1982).…”

Section: Ccacag------------------------------gtaaagtggatcttctcctcagtgmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concerted evolution of the mouse immunoglobulin gamma chain genes.

Hayashida¹,

Miyata²,

Yamawaki-Kataoka³

et al. 1984

The EMBO Journal

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The nucleotide sequences of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain constant region genes of mouse, C 39 C 19 Cy2b and Cy229 together with that of a human equivalent C. were compared. AU the six pairs of genes within the mouse C1 gene family contain DNA segments that exhibit marked homology, whereas no such segmental homology was found in interspecies comparisons. This result indicates that the four Cy genes of the mouse evolved concertedly by exchanging parts of their genetic information with each other either by gene conversion or by double unequal crossing-over. Another example of such concerted evolution was found in gene regions encoding membrane domains of the mouse Cy chains. We also searched for such segmental homologies in other mammalian CTy gene families and found at least two more examples in man and guinea-pig. In the mouse CT gene family, the silent positions of an exon encoding the third domain of C chains show much greater divergence in sequence than oiter regions, indicating that the genetic information encoded by this gene region was least scrambled during recent evolution. A phylogenetic tree constructed from the nucleotide differences of this exon demonstrates that at least two CT genes had already existed before mammalian radiation. Based on these results, evolution of mammalian CT gene families is discussed.

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Section: Ccacag------------------------------gtaaagtggatcttctcctcagtgmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concerted evolution of the mouse immunoglobulin gamma chain genes.

Hayashida¹,

Miyata²,

Yamawaki-Kataoka³

et al. 1984

The EMBO Journal

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“…The complete amino acid sequence of the IgE portion of this ligand-receptor couple is known (6)(7)(8) washed, and the bound proteins were eluted with 5% acetic acid and lyophilized. Aliquots were analyzed by Nalod-S04/PAGE followed by silver staining.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The complete amino acid sequence of the IgE portion of this ligand-receptor couple is known (6)(7)(8), and considerable progress has been made in characterizing the rat IgE receptor at the protein level (1,4). It consists of three subunits: a, a heavily glycosylated subunit of 50-60 kDa exposed to the outer surface of the cell and bearing the IgE-binding site; and p and y, two nonglycosylated intramembrane components of approximately 33 and 20 kDa, respectively.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Considerable evidence indicates that this response occurs when two or more high-affinity IgE receptors are crosslinked via IgE molecules that in turn are bound to an allergen (antigen) molecule (1-5). This perturbation brings about the release of histamine and proteases from the cytoplasmic mast cell granules and the synthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes-potent, short-range effectors that mediate the hypersensitivity response.The complete amino acid sequence of the IgE portion of this ligand-receptor couple is known (6)(7)(8) washed, and the bound proteins were eluted with 5% acetic acid and lyophilized. Aliquots were analyzed by Nalod-S04/PAGE followed by silver staining.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Human and rat mast cell high-affinity immunoglobulin E receptors: characterization of putative alpha-chain gene products.

Shimizu

Tepler

Benfey

et al. 1988

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

104

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We have cloned and determined the entire nucleotide sequence of cDNAs corresponding to the putative a subunits of the human and rat mast cell high-affinity IgE receptors. Both human and rat cDNAs encode an NH2-terminal signal peptide, two immunoglobulip-like extracellular domains (encoded by discrete exons), a hydrophobic transmembrane region, and a positively charged cytoplasmic tail. The human and rat a subunits share an overall homology with one another and the immunoglobulin gene family, suggesting that they arose from a common ancestral gene and continue to share structural homology with their ligands. In addition, the rat gene is transcribed into at least three distinct forms, each of which yields a somewhat different coding sequence.The IgE receptor plays a central role in allergic disease, coupling allergen and mast cell to initiate the inflammatory and immediate hypersensitivity responses that are characteristic of disorders such as hay fever and asthma (1). Considerable evidence indicates that this response occurs when two or more high-affinity IgE receptors are crosslinked via IgE molecules that in turn are bound to an allergen (antigen) molecule (1-5). This perturbation brings about the release of histamine and proteases from the cytoplasmic mast cell granules and the synthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes-potent, short-range effectors that mediate the hypersensitivity response.The complete amino acid sequence of the IgE portion of this ligand-receptor couple is known (6)(7)(8) washed, and the bound proteins were eluted with 5% acetic acid and lyophilized. Aliquots were analyzed by Nalod-S04/PAGE followed by silver staining. The sample was reduced with 2 mM dithiothreitol in 6 M guanidine hydrochloride/100 mM Tris, pH 8.3/1.0 mM EDTA at 370C under N2 and was S-carboxymethylated with 10 mM iodoacetic acid. The samples were desalted by HPLC and treated with TPCK (L-1-tosylamido-2-phenylethyl chloromethyl ketone)-treated trypsin in 100 mM Tris (pH 7.2). The resulting tryptic peptides were separated by HPLC on a Vydac C4 column. Peptides were sequenced by using an Applied Biosystems (Foster City, CA) vapor-phase amino acid sequencer. NaDodSO4/PAGE was performed as described by Laemmli (11). Silver staining of the gels was as described (12). The immunoblots and protein iodination studies were carried out as described (9).Recombinant DNA/RNA Methodology. RNAs were extracted by the guanidinium isothiocyanate method (13). Rat liver DNA was extracted as described (13). Oligonucleotides used for probes and sequencing primers were synthesized by an automated DNA synthesizer (models 380A and B, Applied Biosystems). Nucleotide sequences were determined by the dideoxy chain-termination method (14) using alkalidenatured plasmid DNA. Poly(A) + RNAs were prepared by using oligo(dT)-cellulose columns (15). cDNA libraries were constructed as described (16,17). Colonies were screened as described (18).Five micrograms of digested rat liver DNA was run on a 0.7% agarose gel, and 10 ,ug of total RNA was run o...

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“…One pseudogene (CE2) is truncated by recombination (3,4) and the other (CE3) is processed (5,6). The latter lacks introns entirely and is translocated from chromosome 14 to 9, suggesting that this gene was created by reverse transcription of an aberrantly transcribed Cf sequence.…”

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confidence: 99%

A truncated immunoglobulin epsilon pseudogene is found in gorilla and man but not in chimpanzee.

Ueda¹,

Takenaka²,

Honjo³

1985

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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A truncated immunoglobulin e pseudogene is found in gorilla and man but not in chimpanzee ( Communicated by Motoo Kimura, January 22, 1985 ABSTRACT Molecular genetic analyses of the young pseudogenes of the immunoglobulin CE genes were carried out to obtain qualitative evidence for the phylogenetic branching pattern of hominoid primates. We found that Old World monkeys had two C. genes, one of which was processed. Among the hominoids examined only the gorilla and human genomes contained three C, genes: an active, a truncated, and a processed gene. Other hominoids so far examined, including chimpanzee, contained two C, genes: one active and the other processed. These results suggest that the processed C, pseudogene was generated before the divergence between Old World monkeys and hominoids and that the gorilla is more closely related to man than the chimpanzee is, unless the chimpanzee has lost the CE2 gene after the divergence of this species.The immunoglobulin genes in the heavy-chain constant (CH) region cluster are divided into five classes, C,,, C8 C,, C., and Ca. There are three CE genes in the human genome (1-3). We have called the CE genes in the 2.7-, 5.9-, and 8.0-kilobase (kb) BamHI fragments the CE1, CE2, and CQ3 genes, respectively (2, 4, 5). One of them (C71) is active, whereas the remaining

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Duplication and deletion in the human immunoglobulin ϵ genes

Cited by 147 publications

References 13 publications

Concerted evolution of the mouse immunoglobulin gamma chain genes.

Concerted evolution of the mouse immunoglobulin gamma chain genes.

Human and rat mast cell high-affinity immunoglobulin E receptors: characterization of putative alpha-chain gene products.

A truncated immunoglobulin epsilon pseudogene is found in gorilla and man but not in chimpanzee.

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