Duplex Sonography of the Lower Extremity Venous System

White, Edward

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-3750-1_7

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Partial stenosis of the deep vein may be caused by an intraluminal thrombus, extravascular hematoma, Baker's cyst or adjacent masses. 59 Recognizing the presence of the intravascular or non-vascular lesion makes proper management possible. Both IV-RNV and SC-RNV are not adequate for the diagnosis of such a lesion.…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radionuclide venography of lower limbs by subcutaneous injection: Comparison with venography by intravenous injection

Jong

1989

Ann Nucl Med

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We have proved that subcutaneous injection (SC) of a small dose of Tc-99m pertechnetate (1 to 2 mCi: 37 to 74 MBq) at acupuncture points (K-3 and B-60) may offer an alternative method of radionuclide venography (RNV) of the lower limbs. In this study, we compared intravenous (IV) RNV and SC-RNV in 22 consecutive cases with typical signs and symptoms suggesting venous abnormality of the lower limb(s) from March to May 1988. They are 11 male and 11 female, aged 47.7 +/- 15.7 years. Among the 44 limbs of the 22 cases, 4 were normal, 12 (27.3%) were found to have varicose veins in the legs only, 18 (40.9%) had partial stenosis of the deep veins (14 poplito-tibial and 4 superficial femoral), and 13 (29.6%) had complete stenosis of the deep veins (4 poplitotibial, 1 superficial femoral and 8 ilio-femoral. SC-RNV showed almost the same results as IV-RNV in 21 (47.7%), superior to IV-RNV in 22 (50%) (including 4.6% failure of IV-RNV), and inferior to IV-RNV in 1 (2.3%). We conclude that SC-RNV is definitely an alternative method of lower-limb venography. Since it is in most cases superior to IV-RNV, we suggest that it can take the place of IV-RNV in routine work.

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Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radionuclide venography of lower limbs by subcutaneous injection: Comparison with venography by intravenous injection

Jong

1989

Ann Nucl Med

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“…Deep-vein thrombosis was verif ied by Duplex sonography [19]. Ascending contrast phlebography was performed using the technique of Rabinov and Paulin [20], The diagnosis of pulmonary embolism was made by means of a ventilation-perfu sion scan with 8lmKr-and 99mTc-loaded macroaggre gates [21], Duplex sonography and ascending phlebog raphy were repeated at the end of the treatment period or earlier, if a progression of thrombosis was suspected by clinical symptoms.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Application of Subcutaneous Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin in Acute Venous Thrombosis

Harenberg¹,

Huck

Bratsch

et al. 1990

Pathophysiol Haemos Thromb

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Fifty patients presenting with acute deep-vein thrombosis were randomized in a prospective, controlled study to determine the safety and efficacy of a treatment with low-molecular-weight (LMW) heparin compared with unfractionated heparin. LMW heparin (n = 24) was administered twice daily subcutaneously at a dose of 2 × 150 anti-Xa units/kg body weight, and unfractionated heparin (n = 26) was given intravenously by continuous infusion at a dose of 450 anti-Xa units/kg body weight daily for 10 days. Doses were adjusted to maintain peak anti-Xa levels between 0.5 and 1.0 anti-Xa units per milliliter. One patient in the unfractionated heparin group and 2 patients in the LMW heparin group suffered from bleeding complications. Two patients on LMW heparin and on unfractionated heparin had high evidence of pulmonary embolism based on defects on ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy. Control phlebography and duplex sonography demonstrated a significant improvement during both treatment regimens. Reperfusion of the deep-vein system was 70% with LMW heparin and 75 % with unfractionated heparin. The anti-Xa levels were significantly higher in the LMW heparin group, and activated partial thromboplastin and thrombin clotting times were significantly higher in the group receiving unfractionated heparin. Thrombin-anti-thrombin III complexes and D-dimer concentration decreased during the treatment, but did not differ between the two regimens. At the end of the treatment period with LMW heparin, protein C and antithrombin III were significantly higher.

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Radionuclide venography of lower limbs by subcutaneous injection: A clinical evaluation

Jong

1993

Ann Nucl Med

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SC-RNV, radionuclide venography by subcutaneous injection of Tc-99m pertechnetate at acupuncture points K-3, a new alternative of lower limb venography, was recently developed in our clinical laboratory. In some of the previous studies, we have proved its superiority to radionuclide venography by intravenous injection. The current investigation was conducted to understand the reliability of SC-RNV in the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Fifty-seven cases with lower leg edema, from Nov., 1989 through Oct., 1990, received both SC-RNV and duplex US for causative evaluation. As a result of duplex US, 26 were considered normal (non-DVT), 19 were classified as unilateral DVT, and 12 as bilateral DVT. In nineteen cases (61%, 19/31) with DVT also a XCT and/or a CV (contrast venography) was taken, that showed compatible results. All of the non-DVT had a normal pattern of SC-RNV, all of the unilateral DVT had unilateral impairment of deep vein drainage in SC-RNV, and all of the bilateral DVT had impaired deep venous drainage bilaterally in SC-RNV. It is therefore concluded that SC-RNV is one of the best choices among available non-invasive lower-limb venographic methods.

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Duplex Sonography of the Lower Extremity Venous System

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

Radionuclide venography of lower limbs by subcutaneous injection: Comparison with venography by intravenous injection

Radionuclide venography of lower limbs by subcutaneous injection: Comparison with venography by intravenous injection

Therapeutic Application of Subcutaneous Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin in Acute Venous Thrombosis

Radionuclide venography of lower limbs by subcutaneous injection: A clinical evaluation

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