Duplex Hardening of Steels for Aeroengine Bearings

Ooi, S. W.; Bhadeshia, H. K. D. H.

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.52.1927

Cited by 59 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This process is referred as "D" and it is schematically illustrated in Figure 1d. The purpose of the quenching, tempering and nitriding with diffusion annealing is to create a hard layer, with high residual stress near the surface, thus achieving superior tribological properties [10]. The temperature of nitriding and diffusion annealing needs to be lower than the tempering temperature to avoid core softening.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, surface modifications of steels are usually performed to increase their wear resistance and lifespan. Surface nitridation represents one of possible treatments of steels aiming for the achievement of superior wear and tribological resistance, increased surface hardness and corrosion resistance [10]. The nitrided surfaces are usually composed of ε(Fe 2-3 N) and γ (Fe 4 N) phases which are very hard but also very brittle [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Hardness, Matrix and Carbides in Combination with Nitridation on Abrasive Wear Resistance of X210Cr12 Tool Steel

Orečný

Buršák

Šebek

et al. 2016

Metals

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Materials used in abrasive wear conditions are usually selected according to their microstructure and hardness, however, other factors such as grain size, matrix saturation, carbides size and morphology are rarely considered. Therefore, the present study deals with the influence of different heat and chemical-heat treatments including their combination on abrasive wear resistance of X210Cr12 tool steel. The effects of material hardness, carbide morphology and microstructure on wear resistance after quenching and nitriding were also investigated. One sample series was quenched after austenitization at 960 • C for 20 min and tempered at 180 • C for 2 h. The second sample series was quenched from 1060 • C austenitization for 20 min and afterwards twice tempered at 530 • C for 1 h. From both the quenched and tempered states, one half of the samples was gas nitrided in NH 3 atmosphere for 3 h and then diffusion annealed in N 2 atmosphere for 4 h. Abrasion wear tests were performed by sliding the samples on Al 2 O 3 paper. The samples weight loss was considered the main criterion for the wear resistance evaluation. The microstructures, nitrided layers and worn surfaces were observed using SEM microscopy. The highest abrasion wear resistance was obtained for the nitrided samples that were previously quenched from 1060 • C and tempered at 530 • C.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Hardness, Matrix and Carbides in Combination with Nitridation on Abrasive Wear Resistance of X210Cr12 Tool Steel

Orečný

Buršák

Šebek

et al. 2016

Metals

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“…Their products are CO, CO2 and H2O that react with metals surface to increase strength. These producer gases act as oxide of metals and cause corrosion to the steel surface that leads to degradation [11][12][13][14]. In 1968, C.I.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Upgradation in Carburizing Technologies for steel strength

Nasar

Ullah

Suri

2019

Journal of Applied and Emerging Sciences

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Carburizing technologies are used to provide strength on low quality metals. This technology is being developing with novel improvements significantly. The carburizing process consists of, first releasing Carbon monooxide from charcoal material and then transfers carbon to raw metal. There are favorable upgradation in these technologies from researchers which have a paramount industrial importance. In Vacuum gas carburizing, the steel metal is carburized with (Acetylene and Propane) gases. These gases are at low pressure and high temperature. The results show that the metal is 1.5 times harder than its raw form. There are also used mathematical models to validate the results. It used gas and solid phases for validation. In pulse carburizing, carbon diffusion on steel is investigated with heat treatment. This process includes several carburizing stages. This process is based on Darken bi velocity and drift velocity. It accounts to demonstrate the kinetics of carbon transfer on steel surface. This design is very useful by regarding carburizing time for this process design. In Plasma carburizing, the mixtures of gases are used to harden the steel. The carburizing temperature was varied in cementite and martensitic. The favorable results show that these specimens have (Lower surface roughness, higher surface hardness and Low wear rate). It is a most novel diffusion controlled novel process till the present time. The carburized metal is used in industry by including (Turbine gears and Air craft engine). Henceforth, It is of great importance to study the carburizing technologies for providing better strength on metal.

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] This two-stage process of nitriding plus hard coating deposition is normally known as either duplex or hybrid process. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Deposition of hard ceramic coatings onto both nitrided and non-nitrided steels is a potentially effective treatment for improving abrasive wear resistance. Although wear resistance near the surface of the coated part does not depend on substrate mechanical properties, tool's life is barely increased when the substrate is coated in the unhardened condition and high contact loads are applied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%