We found an important role of the sphincters (bulbo-duodenal, Kapandji, Ochsner) in the duodenal physiology. On this basis, we proposed the hypothesis defining basic patterns of the duodenal motor function. Proposed hypothesis allows us to understand how the duodenum performs important functions and provides new avenues for understanding the pathogenesis of acquired diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract. The different forms dyskinesia of these sphincters play an important role in the pathogenesis of the SMAS, primary duodenal diverticula and sphincter Oddi dyskinesia.